Each session includes the presentation of one or two papers, followed by a discussion about at least one item presented in the papers. Some discussions will refer to items from several previously presented papers.
Paul: potential problem ... particular languege tags ... language should be compatible between PLS & SSML
- Requirements = "xml:lag" problem Richard: The content is "written text"
Paolo: role attribute Kishore: lexical information? Paolo: stress? ... IPA or proprietery(?) vendor dependent specification ... not interoperable part
(No specific discussion)
- geminant of 'l' (l:) or 'a' (a:)
- conjunction - different graphemes between dialects - reduplication: onomatopoeic, echo
Dan: don't care meaning change, but do care pronunciation change ... because SSML is speech synthesis Paolo: coarticulation in Italian Dan: in English as well e.g. "New York"
Issue: There are combinations of lexical items which must be treated as a single unit in order to have proper prosody and pronunciation. The items in a combination may be used in the same sequence and *not* be treated as a single unit. These combinations occur frequently enough that using the role attribute may be cumbersome or impractical. A combination may still be ambiguous in pronunciation (and possibly meaning) and require, for example, homograph disambiguation.
Presentation of Ruvini Ramanayake, Univ. of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka Characteristics of Sinhala Pronunciation - Research project on TTS engine compliant SSML Sinhala: mother tongue of majority of Sri Lanka 25000 years old Sinhala is phonetic language Sound system: - 14 vowel sounds, seven are short and seven long. two are unique to this language, not present in other Indo-Aryan or Dravidian languages - 26 consonants of pre-nasalized stops Sinhala localization initiative - encoding Sinhala characters - development of Sinhala fonts - standardization of keyboards Sinhala encoding - encoded using consonants, vowels and vowel modifiers - based on written representation Unicode encoding: - Sinhala Unicode defined 1997 Sinhala pronunciation - vowel schwa not represented - other are marked with diacritics - exceptions for consonants - few exceptions for vowels examples - there are paired words that should be pronounced together to get proper sentence - not much regional variations Pronunciation exceptions - differences on part of speech (ex.) - Pronunciation of some words depends on word origin (ex.) - some words are written differently form pronunciations Impact of loan-words - modern Sinhala is more Spoken than Literary - added vowels (open back vowel and long central vowels) Representation of Phonological phenomena that rea unique to Sinhala - segmental and suprasegmental features to express emotions - length of consonants and vowels - relative timings - style of reading Conclusions - lack of linguistic resources and analysis (no work on stress for Sinhala) - a few documentation on Spoken Sinhala - romanization non covered Richard: some specific things we need to think Ruvini: - emotions and speaking styles not covered in SSML - transliterations there are many issues for latin words (text messages) no support in SSML Richard: In Sinhala there are many differences between formal and informal speech. More than English and it occurs in other languages Ruvini: prosody, way you are expressing words Paul: comparison with liasons
Presentation of Sarmad Hussain (by Skype) SSML for Urdu Speech Synthesis Comments based on experience in Urdu TTS system Using SSML in Urdu - SSML standards works well for Urdu - SSML needs to be enhanced to handle some Urdu specific problems Multilingual text - need to identify one of stress strategies - switch to English - transliterate and read - spell-out Example English text in Urdu - few words - Newspaper - English paragraph Digits: - should be ale to read out Urdu digits - two strategies for English digits - read in English - read in Urdu Date Formats: - cover other date formats in Urdu (list can be provided) - cover two calendars (lunar based islamic calendar) regular calendar Diacritics: - optional incompletely and incorrectly given - examples - lexical look - should be ignored and look up base form - must match give diacritics - If lexicon look-up fails, it uses a pronunciation guessing engine Word Segmentation - no concept of space - space used for visual output - should it point to word segmentation (use default, if use engine accuracy vs. performance Dan: why do you need a tag to indicate strategy for multilingual text instead of tags that implements the strategy. Sarmad: ... Dan: Hold discussion for tomorrow morning, not today.
Dan: in the presentation on of the things is that sometimes the diacritics are missing. This topic was requested in another workshop from Poland people (for instance for text message) Richard: Was not standard Arabic problem you have:? Paul: I don't think is the same problem of re-voweling Arabic text. Dan: Seems we have a trouble to understand Paul: You need to understand if it is voweled, but if it is partial. He will not apply to vocalization. Sarmad: - engine to process Urdu text, two possibilities: - ignore the diacritics and access the base form lexicon - if are given you need to look for them - either ignore or use them - lexicon look-up phase Dan: on a word by word or for a document? Sarmad: perhaps at both levels - one generic strategy for document level Dan: These are interesting strategies, but in general SSML does not provide strategy indicators, only information to the processor to do good TTS. What information do you need? Sarmad: - Processor can have all these possibilities Dan: You need to know when diacritics are stripped or missing? Is that sufficient? Sarmad: no, the diacritics are almost always missing Joshi: observations - diacritics in context of Indian languages. In Sanskrit we have diacritics. These mark for intonation. Dan: It is not a problem for other languages? Joshi: No Kishore: There are models for Arabic to insert vowels, for instance based on HMMs Dan: Is it performance issue? Sarmad: For most part is. Dan: What is not performance? Sarmad: calendar, multilingual-text Dan: It is a separate topic to be discussed tomorrow. Sarmad: ok Richard: When we will discuss it? Dan: we can revisit if there is time at the end of the workshop Topic: Space is a bad word-delimiter Dan: Word segmentation from Sarmad Dan: We are already considering a word boundary mark-up. Do you need anything more that that. Sarmad: Or are there other aspects that we haven understood in Urdu?
ISSUE - : Missing diacritics: Algorithms to recover missing diacritics in Urdu can be costly. It would be helpful for the speech synthesizer to know whether or not it must use an algorithm to recover diacritics (rather just trusting what's there. Word Segmentation: Word segmentation algorithms for Urdu can be costly. It would be helpful for the speech synthesizer to know whether or not it must do word segmentation (other than using the whitespace given).
Dan: Discussion on lack of vowel modifier Ruvini: there are exceptions in Sinhala. Vibhre: Given a language there are rules for modifications. The issue is: are there rules for that. Joshi: ??? Vibhre: The process might do that. The person may chose to switch on or off Kishore: yes Richard: These are homographs, but are there a huge number of that. Ruvini: there might be many Dan: We need to make author work easy, not the engine creation easy. How prevalent is this problem of homographs? Are there other way to modify it? Ruvini: There are no way to modify the script. Dan: Is it enough? Ruvini: Yes Dan: In my opinion there is not the material for an issue. Kishore: It happens often? Ruvini: 1 on 50 words Dan/Richard: Is a relevant figure. Kishore: What would you use?
vibhu: (starts his talk) ... page2: common difficulties... ... page3: Handling encoding... ... mentioning <transliterate> tag and its example ... page4: Example of a transliteration rule ... page5: Handling encoding issues... ... rule specification using URL ... page6: Encoding Map ... page7: Handling misxed... ... specify hint to processor richard: how does the processor can tell appropriate encoding? dan: we'll have transliteration session tomorrow in fact ... but this encoding question is interesting richard: it's a mapping question dan: yes. this discussion is interesting ... but he has to leave now ... any quick clarification question? paul: one question on mixed lang ... on <break domain="..."> vibhu: this idea originally came from the mixture of Indian words and ... English words dan: how about "read" [ri:d] vs. "read" [red] shiv: how about specifying lang? dan: you can specify lang and encoding richard: but what about mixture
samuel: page 2: outline ... 2 issues ... page4: interepreting the input by SSML ... - unicode as is vs. various transliterations ... page5: interepreting the TTS vocabulary ... page6: interpreting the input ... page7: proposed tag for correct interepretation of input ... - codepage ... - URI ... page8: an example of <transliterate> tag ... - specify how to transliterate using codepage and URI ... page10: handling foreign language words ... - loan words ... - which need to be pronunced differently ... slide11: handling foreign language words (existing solution #1) dan: <voice> element? ... which can specify local lang samuel: page12: (existing solution #2) ... using "<phoneme>" ... page13: (existing solution #3) ... using "<lexicon>" ... slide14: proposed tag for handling foreign language words ... -lang ... - uri ... slide15: an example of <foreign> tag ... slide16: conclusions ... - two extensions: <transliterate> and <foreign> dan: any clarification question? anand: on existing solution #3 lexicon paul: any other? raxit: what about 1.1? paolo: should we refer 1.1? sarmad: I have a question ... where we are using lang tags samuel: 1.1 is just published, and so not referred sarmad: considering we are sensitive to pronunciations ... why not use locale instead of lang ... to identify the dialectal details as well kishore: how about encoding? ... like utf-8 sarmad: I want to retrieve my question ... if file is mentioned than locale may not be necessary kaz: if using utf-8, would it better? sarmad: but then, is lang tag necessary?
dan: using inter-roman notification? sarmad: (hard for me to jump in, as I do not have video and I would ... interrupt somebody when I speak) richard: (goes to the blackboard to explain something) sarmad: (has question: ... if we are specifying the dictionary, then why lang is needed) kaz: (will interupt them after richard's explanation ... is that ok with you?) sarmad: let me know when to speak kaz: ok richard: several kinds of interepretation: ... - translation ... - transliteration ... - transcription ... - transcoding paolo: shows IPA handbook sarmad: URI should be sufficient, lang many not be required kaz: (is consulting paul about when sarmad should join in the discussion) kishore: (came to the blackboad and start some explanation) ... (picture) sarmad: if we are specifying the dictionary, then why lang is needed? richard: there was a discussion in W3C dan: thinks it's required for the distinction between transcription ... and transliteration ... related to pronunciation registry issue ... my preference is using "xml:lang" option richard: but the question is "why lang is necessary" ... (in short, sometimes, somebody wants to use co mbination of ... various words from various languages in *one* file) sarmad: then lang should be replaced by transcription_scheme ... to interpret the lexicon kaz: (e.g. room, kmra, kamra and room number like 203, 468, etc.) ... (IMHO, it's possible idea) ... (at least, it's not that everybody agrees "lang" is the nicest name :) ... please join the discussion itself sarmad: why do we need to know if it is hindi if pronunciation is ... given on how to speak the word kaz: because I have to scribe all the discussion... sarmad: ok kaz: tx samuel: if we use English synthesizer, we may have some part of some ... other languages dan: to me, this is script question sarmad: let me know when I can jump in paul: if we use pinyin, why should we specify lang? kaz: (to sarmad: whenever you want. please feel free to join. like ... ordinary telephone call ;-) sarmad: ok dan: (goes to blackboard and try to explain Russian example) richard: let me try dan: thanks ... (continue) ... (picture) ... (picture) ... in some languages, certain character is used as (actually) not a ... word but punctuation richard: what about "to you => 2 U" ? joshi: let my show more examples ... (go to blackboard) ... (picture) dan: the difference of orthography, transcription and transliteration, ... though not sure how to define orthography in this case ... a bit different from codepage issue samuel: but I don't change the engine ... keep using same engine dan: how to indicate: chinese lang + korean voice, etc. (possible ... various combination of options) ? ... it's underspecified issue ... is this common issue in Indian languages? ... richard? sarmad: could I comment? kaz: sure sarmad: we are talking about "speech locale" as an extension of text ... locale we use kaz: please speak after dan's talk :) sarmad: speech locale = country+lang+script sarmad: would like to suggest a "speech locale" which is combination of contry, lang and script ... necessary information from speech synthesis vewpoint dan: interesting suggestion ... several thoughts on this ... possibly needing target text which includes several languages ... from text content view point, there is a possible spcifier, BCP47 richard: clarification question ... do you want to point some name to transcription, samuel? samuel: my proposal (interepreting the input by SSML) is different ... from xml:lang ... (is this your voice not for this call but the ordinary phone?) dan: what does "codepage" mean? ... could be converted to xml:lang? ... "mapping table" is a bit confusing to me... richard: another example on blackboard ... (picture) ... (btw, xml:lang can specify all the combination of contry, lang and script) ... just saying "mapping" is ambiguous... ... example of difficult parsing given simple mapping ... (picture) dan: if we need some new script, we can continue the discussion in session 6 ... many Indian participants mentioned this issue as "transliteration issue" ... it's interesting and should be discussed ... let's wrap up today's discussion. Is anybody concerned there is ... something not covered in today's sessions? ... (though of course not necessarily all are resolved) ... (adds items to "Discussion list") ... [Discussion list] ... - Emotion ... - Speaking styles ... - Formal/Informal distinction (Sinhara, French) ... - Non-pronunciation syllabic control ... - Error handling ... [Say-as issues] ... - Date-multiple calendars ... - Digits
page0: title page - construction of syllable page1: Indian languages: written and spoken page2: Single word with different pronunciations in different Indian languages page3: Proper name: written and spoken - between writing and speech - phonemic construction page4: Sentences: written and spoken page6: The following 4 extensions are being proposed: - say-as-if - say-to-self - say-bil - pnps page7: say-as-if - co-relationship between writing and speech - speak something as if it were something else page8: say-to-self - thinking aloud Q: monologue??? page9: say-bil - sudden and frequent change of lang - e.g. bilingual speaker page11: pnps page13: Position Statement - Identification of phonemic strings - additional ponohemic information
page2: Important...!!! - mixed languages contents page3: example page4: alternate content page3': demo (showing the example SSML) 1. <p xml:lang="en-US">English</p$gt; 2. <p xml:lang="HI">Hindic</p$gt; 3. <p xml:lang="en-US">English</p$gt; raxit: possible action if engine can't synth? dan: just skip and no output page 5: Behaviour of SSML Engine for Non-Supported Languages - several possible actions... (revisiting the example SSML) raxit: so just synth number in the Hindic sentence? ... if forcefully render, maybe junk contained... ... will show you 2 demos (demo speeches) ("junk" played...) richard: what was the encoding for the "HI" sentences ... is 'latin' forcefully specified? dan: any additional implicit specification on encoding? raxit: no. nothing added. engine processed this input asis. page7: SSML 1.1 page8: SSML Application Developer is not in Control, But the platform is page9: Nice to have error reporting/handling mechanism in SSML Not only for mixed lang page10: Possibilities for following - <alt> - <log> - <SkipTag> (revisit the example SSML again) - <SkipContent> - <stopOn*Error> page11: <error> - example notation of prospective <error> page12: Some More Rules... - the info of these proposed tags should be inherited by children page13: in addition <catch> page14: some thoughts page15: Points to Consider... - "1.3 Document Generation, Applications and Contexts" SSML 1.1 - fit for next VB/MI platform page16: Error handling for Language support page17: Application Developer knows more about features/functionalities of SSML processor - Better User Experience (revisit the example SSML again) paul: needs one clarification ... compatibility between 1.0 and 1.1? ... still capable to specify "1.0"? dan: if the vendor supports "1.1" they should/must support "1.0"
dan: let's restrict the discussion to the "error handling" ... because handling all the topics proposed by this talk is ... beyond this "mixed-languages" session (add "Behavior when language unsupported" to the "Discussion list") dan: those related to this "Altenative/mixed-language" session: 4: Madhavi 9: Samuel 11: Vibhu 8: Joshi 10: Kalika 13: Raxit paul: dominant language (go to blackboad and explain some example) (picture) [[ <lang EN> ... </lang> (what happen here???) <lang HI> ... </lang> ]] [[ <lang EN> (as lang1) <lang HI> (as lang2) </lang> English </lang> ]] dan: there was similar mixed lang discussion in previous workshop richard: so what's the "issue" in the end??? ... what should SSML support? dan: if US-English, Indian-English and Hindi are mixed, what would be ... expected? or Italian script vs. American phoneme set Q: proper name, number etc.? raxit: (go to blackboard and explain some example) [[ <p lang="en-US"> My Name is SANJAY ]] dan: (also provide example) [[ <p lang="en-US"> My Name is Raxit ]] kishore: it's question of "user's phoneset vs. engine support" dan: synth engine just has limited phonesets ... two separated attributes were proposed in previous workshop on ... this topic combination of "voice", "lang", "country" and "script" samuel: what should happen, if an Indian guy mainly use English like ... me speak? the voice is of course mine, though raxit: (go to blackboad and starts another example) [[ <p lang="en-US"> My Name is <w lang="HI">Raxit</w> </p> ]] dan: how about e.g. Japanese text but should be pronunced as if spoken ... in US by English speaker? richard: you have to add varient for specify it ruvini: why need separate tag? kaz: can't we revist this topic in the session7 as the question of ... "pronunciation of proper name"? dan+richard: no richard: shall we take break now and continue discussion in the break? paolo: we have 2 things: "speaker + lang" vs. "text + lang" kishore: <w> can have "lang" in it? dan: yes dan: SSML tag is not control but annotation ... "lang" just specify the language but doesn't specify ... "what to output" richard: let's take break now and continue discussion in the break!
When languages are not supported by a platform, platforms vary in their behavior and can behave quite badly (from a UI perspective). Developers should have control over what happens. Raxit Sheth has some examples and suggestions.
Indian languages share a common phonemic base. Indian Transliteration (IT-3) each character not mapped to more than 3 letters and it is case insensitive. Clarifications: IT-3 is not a standard, people use different schemes. A single "latin" transliteration in IT-3 can map to many Indian language scripts, and can give, for example a Tamil script of a Hindi word.
[Dan] Comment: This transliteration might appear to be similar to Pinyin. [Richard] The mapping is sometimes not so simple. [Samuel Thomas] Yes, sometimes you need to drop a schwa. [Richard] Why do we need transliteration in speech synthesis? Use of Latin symbols serves as a common basis in the synthesis of the many scripts. A pointer the transliteration scheme may be required because the author might have devised transliteration mapping (non standardised way of representing sounds). [Dan] Is this a generalisation of the alias element operating at a character level? [Paolo] This is like vowelisation in Arabic, which may be done outside of TTS. Is this transliteration process really necessary inside TTS. [Samuel] It is necessary for a TTS system to be able to process both text in native script and when it has been transliterated. When it is transliterated we need to know what scheme has been used to perform the transliteration. Discussion leads to clarification that text normalisation (<sub> for example) is applied to transliterated script. Transliterated "latin" script (not the native script) is used throughout the TTS processing (linguistic/syntactic analysis on the input text, etc.) Transliterated script may be interleaved with native script, that's why mark-up is necessary within an SSML document. Discussion on the content of the transliteration scheme file at the end of the URI. No standard format. Idea floats around of using a PLS lexicon to define the transliteration, but this is not a use of PLS that should be encouraged and it may not be entirely appropriate. [Dan] Presents * ISSUE STATEMENT * Those present OK with statement.
[Dan] Given that there may be a pronunciation alphabet registry and that the scripts are essential phonetic, is there an issue here? [Kirshore] Want to specify the pronunciation by specifying the syllables rather than specifying the phonemes. The problem seems to be in the wording of the element <phoneme> and that clarification is required stating that this element may be used to give information about the pronunciation (it may be partial, e.g. just the stress pattern of a word; it may be a syllable-based pronunciation alphabet).
Dan: Review the final wording on: Transliteration Everybody happy! Pronunciaiton of Nuans in TTS systems Veera Raghavendra, IIIT Agenda: Nature of Indian language script - originate from Brahmin - basic units Convergence & Divergence - 21 official langauges 1652 dialects etc Particles: - Hindi adding particle for instance "ji" give respect - Examples Proposal <particle> tag type "ji" Use of Loanwords - 33% errors TTS are due to loan words - example "cancer" "kaansar" no Use of mention - more emphasize on the first occurrence of the proper name Duration prediction using Mention Information - duration modeling - example <mention> Conclusions: - issues on Indian Script Paul: occurrence in <mention> cannot count? Kishore: it is indicating the Paul: You go in the direction of theme/rheme I'm not convince it is occurrence the key.
Dan: Two discussions: - proper names - generic issues Proper Names: Dan: Veera mentioned particles, why you do it? Veera: Not spoken all the time Dan: Why you need the mark-up? Raxit: You can write in the text Dan: Whynyou need mark-up for that? Kishore: We don't need specific markup, but it is at choice of the developer Dan: There isn't a rule on this on SSML that very minor changes should be written in the orthography. The SSML are hints on how to interpret. Kishore: There might be difference in politeness Richard: How do you give that to the TTS? Second comment there are many other features you should change for giving more respect Dan: I agree. Were there other presentations on proper names? Kishore: The Joshi example was on difference of pronunciation. Eliminate the pause between name surname. Paolo: It seems to me a case of <say-as> Dan: Let's focus on proper name. Is there something specific? Kishore: There are no capital letters, you understand from the context. Veera: There are also other words: "good morning" Dan: I'd like to understand how is used in the language Is there difference from proper names and the word of this last example? Kishore: no Dan: THere are examples in English, "water bottle" Paul: This is related to the language Paolo: This applies to all the names in India Kishore: Many names are single word. Raxit: You can use a <break> of zero lenght or no break (discussion on changes of pronunciation of proper name in different languages) Dan: This seems the case to mark the name with <say-as> *** Check the requirements document Section 7 - better support to Chinese and Korean - no capitalization - mark the name to change the pronuncitation RESOLUTION: 7.2 Seems to satisfy this requirement General agreement. Dan: The problem on this area is that there is no agreement on a W3C note. Critical area This is the only reason. We are interested on any requirement that improve the SMML. ================================================ Proposal: We know this is a proposal for indian languages too. We may wish to modify the Requirement document to accomodate the issues. ================================================ Paul: You can send comments to the Requirement document. Kaz: This is the reason because it is a Working Draft Dan: There might be another change you might ask. To remove "A future version". Dan: Alternate say-as types. Joshi suggested some. Are there any? Samuel: What about the loan word Raxit will send the final version of his presentation. ================================================ Dialects: Samuel: How to register the dialects? Richard: Go to http://www.w3.org/International/ - "say-as-if" Dan: Highlights troubles with "sub" Paul: ?? - "say-bil" Dan: this is the mixed-language issue Paul: I thought it was more related to language predominance. Difference of bilingual to person speaking foreach language Dan: I agree there is a subtle difference Remaining features: Say-as there is a request from Sarmad of say-as on date in multiple calendare Dan: Closed discussion on say-as. ================================================ Homographs in Sinhala Ruvini: discussion on short-phrases that are pronounced in different ways Dan: you can address linke homgraph in Sinhala ================================================ Complete Discussion List: - Emotions - Speaking style - Formal/informal distinction - Non-pronunciation syllabic control - Behaviour when language unsupported - say-as-if - Homographs in Sinhala Pruned list: 4 Emotions (2) 6 Speaking style (5) 3 Formal/informal distinction (0) 5 Behaviour when language unsupported (1) Final list: - Speaking Style 15 min - Emotions 5 min - Behaviour when language unsupported 5 min - Formal/informal ? =============== Speaking Style: Paul: Is related to voice or to markup the content? Paolo: In my opinion to the content Dan: Is there particular issues for Indian languages? Paul: It might be useful to know the origin of the text. For some languages ... Kishore: I agree Dan: Why is language dependent? Discussion N.Rao: Reading religious texts: Gita Paul: Not sure if it is more speaking or add more information on content Dan: not sure why is relevant to internationalization Richard: Proposal to write a proposal after get togheter Dan: Good but in general =============== Emotions: Paul: In speech you have expressivity, not emotions Raxit: mode element Funny, to render funny content it should for the SSML engine. Not for all engines no embedded. Paolo: advertisement of Incubator Emotions and proposal Madhavi: In Indian languages there are specific words that indicates emotions. =============== Behaviour of language not supported Dan: Two main approaches: - so far, define and document - another should provide control at a higher level report error not report error and keep going Dan: If you give control you need to have it implemented and easily Raxit: This is important for SCXML, CCXML, VoiceXML Dan: They have control flow, SSML no Raxit: It should have. Dan: Markup has syntax and a certain control, but I was speaking of control flow. Dan: Can you explain why it will help internationalization? Raxit: The application developer can do more if the strategy is simple. It is all the application scenario. MMI requirement Paul: On documentation of language supported per voice Dan: Some variable may be needed for caching control To control is more complex Samuel: Throw error =============== Conclusion: There is significant interest in throwing error and some interest in catching error in SSML. =================================================
Paul remembers developing a table about the use of xml:lang and voice. Havnign acknowledged that xml:lang is to described document content, and that it is independent of the selection of voice, when you specify voice in a particular language context you want to be able to define the behaviour. Voice selects acoustic elements (sometimes prosodic) - every synthesiser has to do this (eg. this is my GB male voice...) It is also possible to set xml:lang to various values. "Long discussion about table" photographed by Kaz. It would be helpful to build a table that has xml:lang and voice as the two variables, where xml:lang is set to something and where voice describes the languages for which there are acoustic units and the accent for them. We are not convinced that the texxt in the first working draft of SSML 1.1 adequately captures the desires of application developers for control of tts processing. We do not know what application developers need to control. In order to better understand what should be done we need to construct tables contrasting values for voice and values for xml:lang. For xml:lang we believe we need to consider language, region and script. For voice we need to capture descriptions of acoustic units support by language and possibly accent for the unit support. These tables should help us understand what the developers want to control. We need to consider which text to acoustic unit rules are to be used. In addition to the tables, we may wish to separately list practical combinations of voices and text to acoustic unit rules desired by authors. We will likely wish to break down text to acoustic unit into multiple levels.
The Call for Participation, the Logistics, the Agenda, the Presentation guideline and are also available.
Dan Burnett and
Kazuyuki Ashimura, Workshop
Co-chairs
Max Froumentin, Voice Activity
Lead
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