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Review
. 2024 Apr 2:46:e-FPS03.
doi: 10.61622/rbgo/2024FPS03. eCollection 2024.

Vulvovaginitis in pregnant women

Geraldo Duarte  1 , Iara Moreno Linhares  2 , Regis Kreitchmann  3 , Andréa da Rocha Tristão  4 , Evelyn Traina  5 , Ivete Canti  6 , Marcos Takimura  7 , Joelma Queiroz Andrade  2
Affiliations
Review

Vulvovaginitis in pregnant women

Geraldo Duarte et al. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. .

Abstract

• The balanced vaginal microbiome is the main factor defending the vaginal environment against infections. Lactobacilli play a key role in this regard, maintaining the vaginal pH within the normal range (3.8 to 4.5). •Hormonal and immune adaptations resulting from pregnancy influence changes in the vaginal microbiome during pregnancy. •An altered vaginal microbiome predisposes to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. •Bacterial vaginosis is the main clinical expression of an imbalanced vaginal microbiome. •Vulvovaginal candidiasis depends more on the host's conditions than on the etiological agent. •Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan transmitted during sexual intercourse. •The use of probiotics is not approved for use in pregnant women.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: none to declare.

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