Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization

doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04389-z

. 2022 Feb;602(7898):671-675.

doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04389-z. Epub 2021 Dec 23.

Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization

Delphine Planas^#^{1

2}, Nell Saunders^#^{1

3}, Piet Maes^#⁴, Florence Guivel-Benhassine¹, Cyril Planchais⁵, Julian Buchrieser¹, William-Henry Bolland^{1

3}, Françoise Porrot¹, Isabelle Staropoli¹, Frederic Lemoine⁶, Hélène Péré^{7

8}, David Veyer^{7

8}, Julien Puech⁷, Julien Rodary⁷, Guy Baele⁴, Simon Dellicour^{4

9}, Joren Raymenants¹⁰, Sarah Gorissen¹⁰, Caspar Geenen¹⁰, Bert Vanmechelen⁴, Tony Wawina-Bokalanga⁴, Joan Martí-Carreras⁴, Lize Cuypers¹¹, Aymeric Sève¹², Laurent Hocqueloux¹², Thierry Prazuck¹², Félix A Rey¹³, Etienne Simon-Loriere¹⁴, Timothée Bruel^{15

16}, Hugo Mouquet¹⁷, Emmanuel André^{18

19}, Olivier Schwartz^{20

21}

Affiliations

¹ Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France.
² Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France.
³ École Doctorale BioSPC 562, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
⁴ Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
⁵ Humoral Immunology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1222, Paris, France.
⁶ Hub de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS USR 3756, Paris, France.
⁷ Laboratoire de Virologie, Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
⁸ Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors (FunGeST), Centre de Recherche des Cordelier, INSERM, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
⁹ Spatial Epidemiology Lab (SpELL), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
¹⁰ Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹¹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Reference Centre for Respiratory Pathogens, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹² Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHR d'Orléans, Orléans, France.
¹³ Structural Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France.
¹⁴ G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
¹⁵ Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France. timothee.bruel@pasteur.fr.
¹⁶ Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France. timothee.bruel@pasteur.fr.
¹⁷ Humoral Immunology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1222, Paris, France. hugo.mouquet@pasteur.fr.
¹⁸ Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. emmanuel.andre@uzleuven.be.
¹⁹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Reference Centre for Respiratory Pathogens, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. emmanuel.andre@uzleuven.be.
²⁰ Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France. olivier.schwartz@pasteur.fr.
²¹ Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France. olivier.schwartz@pasteur.fr.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 35016199
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04389-z

Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization

Delphine Planas et al. Nature. 2022 Feb.

. 2022 Feb;602(7898):671-675.

doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04389-z. Epub 2021 Dec 23.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France.
² Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France.
³ École Doctorale BioSPC 562, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
⁴ Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
⁵ Humoral Immunology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1222, Paris, France.
⁶ Hub de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS USR 3756, Paris, France.
⁷ Laboratoire de Virologie, Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
⁸ Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors (FunGeST), Centre de Recherche des Cordelier, INSERM, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
⁹ Spatial Epidemiology Lab (SpELL), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
¹⁰ Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹¹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Reference Centre for Respiratory Pathogens, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹² Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHR d'Orléans, Orléans, France.
¹³ Structural Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France.
¹⁴ G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
¹⁵ Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France. timothee.bruel@pasteur.fr.
¹⁶ Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France. timothee.bruel@pasteur.fr.
¹⁷ Humoral Immunology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1222, Paris, France. hugo.mouquet@pasteur.fr.
¹⁸ Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. emmanuel.andre@uzleuven.be.
¹⁹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Reference Centre for Respiratory Pathogens, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. emmanuel.andre@uzleuven.be.
²⁰ Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3569, Paris, France. olivier.schwartz@pasteur.fr.
²¹ Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France. olivier.schwartz@pasteur.fr.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 35016199
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04389-z

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant was first identified in November 2021 in Botswana and South Africa^1-3. It has since spread to many countries and is expected to rapidly become dominant worldwide. The lineage is characterized by the presence of around 32 mutations in spike-located mostly in the N-terminal domain and the receptor-binding domain-that may enhance viral fitness and enable antibody evasion. Here we isolated an infectious Omicron virus in Belgium from a traveller returning from Egypt. We examined its sensitivity to nine monoclonal antibodies that have been clinically approved or are in development⁴, and to antibodies present in 115 serum samples from COVID-19 vaccine recipients or individuals who have recovered from COVID-19. Omicron was completely or partially resistant to neutralization by all monoclonal antibodies tested. Sera from recipients of the Pfizer or AstraZeneca vaccine, sampled five months after complete vaccination, barely inhibited Omicron. Sera from COVID-19-convalescent patients collected 6 or 12 months after symptoms displayed low or no neutralizing activity against Omicron. Administration of a booster Pfizer dose as well as vaccination of previously infected individuals generated an anti-Omicron neutralizing response, with titres 6-fold to 23-fold lower against Omicron compared with those against Delta. Thus, Omicron escapes most therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and, to a large extent, vaccine-elicited antibodies. However, Omicron is neutralized by antibodies generated by a booster vaccine dose.

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Omicron, the great escape artist.
Flemming A. Flemming A. Nat Rev Immunol. 2022 Feb;22(2):75. doi: 10.1038/s41577-022-00676-6. Nat Rev Immunol. 2022. PMID: 35017722 Free PMC article.
SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron: currently the most complete "escapee" from neutralization by antibodies and vaccines.
Li M, Lou F, Fan H. Li M, et al. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Jan 28;7(1):28. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-00880-9. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022. PMID: 35091532 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

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References

1. Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern, https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.... (WHO, 2021).
1. Karim, S. S. A. & Karim, Q. A. Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: a new chapter in the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet 398, 2126–2128 (2021). - DOI
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[1] Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern, https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.... (WHO, 2021).

[2] Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern, https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.... (WHO, 2021).

[3] Karim, S. S. A. & Karim, Q. A. Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: a new chapter in the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet 398, 2126–2128 (2021). - DOI

[4] Karim, S. S. A. & Karim, Q. A. Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: a new chapter in the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet 398, 2126–2128 (2021). - DOI

[5] Viana, R. et al. Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa. Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04411-y (2022).

[6] Viana, R. et al. Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa. Nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04411-y (2022).

[7] Taylor, P. C. et al. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for treatment of COVID-19. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 21, 382–393 (2021). - DOI

[8] Taylor, P. C. et al. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for treatment of COVID-19. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 21, 382–393 (2021). - DOI

[9] Grabowski, F., Kochańczyk, M. & Lipniacki, T. Omicron strain spreads with the doubling time of 3.2–3.6 days in South Africa province of Gauteng that achieved herd immunity to Delta variant. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.08.21267494 (2021).

[10] Grabowski, F., Kochańczyk, M. & Lipniacki, T. Omicron strain spreads with the doubling time of 3.2–3.6 days in South Africa province of Gauteng that achieved herd immunity to Delta variant. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.08.21267494 (2021).

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Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization

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Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization

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