Nanotherapeutics approaches to overcome P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance in cancer
- PMID: 34775061
- DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102494
Nanotherapeutics approaches to overcome P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance in cancer
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer chemotherapy is a growing concern for medical practitioners. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) overexpression is one of the major reasons for multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. The P-gp overexpression in cancer cells depends on several factors like adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), and drug physicochemical properties such as lipophilicity, molecular weight, and molecular size. Further multiple exposures of anticancer drugs to the P-gp efflux protein cause acquired P-gp overexpression. Unique structural and functional characteristics of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems provide opportunities to circumvent P-gp mediated MDR. The primary mechanism behind the nanocarrier systems in P-gp inhibition includes: bypassing or inhibiting the P-gp efflux pump to combat MDR. In this review, we discuss the role of P-gp in MDR and highlight the recent progress in different nanocarriers to overcome P-gp mediated MDR in terms of their limitations and potentials.
Keywords: Acquired P-gp overexpression; Cancer; Nanomaterials; Nanomedicine; P-glycoprotein; P-gp inhibition.
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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