In this article, the authors devised an experiment to measure the subtle changes suffered by light fields containing optical singularities in their interactions with matter, showing that material information can be retrieved from such measurements.

Ceria-based oxides are used in diverse energy-related applications, with functionalities arising from a defective structure due to the formation of mobile oxygen vacancies. Here authors reveal sub-Ångström details of oxygen dynamics during the reversible phase transition of Gd-doped ceria (CGO).

Structure relaxation is an iterative process particularly demanding in large-scale material discovery campaigns. Here, the authors realize a deep generative model able to relax material structures in a single step while estimating its accuracy.

Nanocarriers (NCs) are crucial in delivering therapeutic agents to tumors, and transvascular transport is a critical pathway for the tumor delivery of NCs. Here the authors summary strategies enhancing transvascular transport of NCs for efficient tumor delivery, and propose a delivery framework to guide the design of next-generation carriers and implementation strategies for optimized delivery.

Membranes with high permselectivity in high salinity conditions are desirable for efficient energy conversion. Here, the authors address the challenge by modifying the distribution of electrostatic potentials in the linkages of covalent organic framework membranes and apply the material to the conversion of low-grade waste heat into electrical energy.

Microbial communities rely on metabolic interactions to survive in extreme environments. This study shows that rising temperatures increase these interactions, particularly between less related species, highlighting the role of metabolic cooperation in microbial adaptation to thermal stress.

The response of the ocean circulation to climate change remains controversial. This study shows that Miocene global warming drove a decrease in carbonate preservation and a shift in overturning from intermediate to deeper waters. Glacial expansion at 13.8 Ma promoted the onset of near-modern Pacific overturning circulation

This study identifies near cost-optimal paths to net-zero emissions by 2050 in the U.S. It identifies four classes: essential, reduced, emerging, and rarely used, offering insights for policymakers on prioritizing technology adoption and investment.

Viana and colleagues evaluate the potential effects of expanding a subset of marine protected areas that allow some level of fishing within their borders (sustainable-use MPAs) to improve the nutrition of coastal communities. They estimate that, depending on site characteristics, expanding sustainable-use MPAs could increase catch by up to 20%, which could help prevent 0.3-2.85 million cases of inadequate micronutrient intake in coral reef nations.

Forest structural complexity plays a crucial role in ecosystem functioning, influencing factors like light, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity. Here, a global map of 3D canopy complexity modeled from spaceborne lidar reveals that highly complex forests are concentrated in the tropics, with significant variations observed across biomes.

Immune aging is associated with altered homeostasis of distinct T cell populations, but a link to clonal dynamic is still not made. Here the authors develop a new framework, Repertoire Functional Units (RFU), and use public TCR sequences to find specific TCR clonal changes that correlate with aged immune repertoires or outcomes of acute viral infection.

Neuronal and vascular crosstalk is essential for proper brain development and function. Here, the authors show that mutations in scarb2 cause abnormal glial differentiation and excessive neurogenesis, leading to impaired blood-brain barrier formation.

Evaluating the immune status of newborns helps recognition of those who are at higher risk for serious infectious diseases. Here authors identify lower, epigenetically inferred,

neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios during the first week of life as risk factor for sepsis and provide insight into the underpinning epigenetic and transcriptional patterns.

The spillover of non-native honey bees is thought to have a negative impact on pollination function of plant species. Here, Wang et al. reveal that honey bees can enhance the pollination function of plant communities in alpine agroecosystems.

Riboswitches are structured RNA elements that regulate gene expression upon binding to small molecule ligands. Here the authors report the discovery and characterization of a series of small molecule ligands for the PreQ1 riboswitch.

Cancer is a dynamic disease, with one of its deadly complications being metastatic brain tumors. Here, the authors present a large, multimodal, longitudinal dataset of metastatic cancer, assembled from real world data for cancer research and artificial intelligence (AI) model development. They train time-dependent AI models, and find that novel, dynamic biomarkers exist that are predictive of systemic disease control and overall survival.

Cancer-associated inflammation dynamics need further characterization. Here, the authors identify an inflammation and therapy-enriched tumor state termed basal- to-inflammatory transition associated with poor survival in many epithelial tumors and suggest its therapeutic targeting.

Viana and colleagues evaluate the potential effects of expanding a subset of marine protected areas that allow some level of fishing within their borders (sustainable-use MPAs) to improve the nutrition of coastal communities. They estimate that, depending on site characteristics, expanding sustainable-use MPAs could increase catch by up to 20%, which could help prevent 0.3-2.85 million cases of inadequate micronutrient intake in coral reef nations.

Erythropoietin (EPO) regulates energy metabolism via its receptor (EpoR) in adipose tissue. The authors demonstrate that EPO influences glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and fat mass and that EPO treatment reduces lipogenic gene expression through the EPO-EpoR-RUNX1 axis.

Efficient delivery of copper and iodine ions into tumor cells is promising for boosting the antitumor effect but elusive. Here the authors report a mitochondrial-targeted copper-iodide nanoparticles for the cancer treatment in which copper and iodide ions induce cell death by modulating mitochondrial functions under low-dose Xray irradiation.

Being born to a family with low-income has been related to lower socioeconomic status attainment in adulthood. Here, the authors report the effects of exposure to a family income transfer in an American Indian population on educational outcomes of the next generation of children.

This study finds that U.S. vehicle assembly plants that have fully transitioned from gas engine to electric vehicle assembly have required higher labor intensity. It suggests that more, not fewer, workers are needed for electric vehicle assembly.

One quarter of households globally owns air-conditioning, but this could reach 41% by 2050. Yet, access and use will remain highly unequal. Electricity demand for air-conditioning will double, potentially increasing global CO2 emissions.

Reproducibility of computational research remains challenging. Here, authors present ENCORE, an approach to enhance reproducibility. The most significant challenge to the routine adoption of approaches like ENCORE is the lack of incentives for researchers to dedicate sufficient time and effort to ensure reproducibility.

The chemical sector is both hard-to-abate and hard-to-defossilize. This study shows how limiting the availability of alternative carbon feedstocks impacts climate goals and efforts to phase out fossil fuels.