Humans age rapidly in two 'bursts' at these ages, according to study

LOS ANGELES - A new Stanford Medicine study shows that humans experience two significant periods of rapid aging during their lives, specifically around the ages of 44 and 60. 

The study, published in Nature Aging, analyzed over 135,000 molecules and microbiomes from individuals aged 25 to 75 and found that molecular and microbial changes do not shift gradually with time. Instead, they occur in rapid bursts, impacting overall health and the development of age-related diseases.

Do humans age rapidly during specific times in life?

"We’re not just changing gradually over time; there are some really dramatic changes," Michael Snyder, PhD, professor of genetics and senior author of the study said in a Stanford press release.

The research team discovered that the abundance of molecules related to cardiovascular disease and immune function showed significant shifts at both age points. These changes may contribute to heightened health risks, such as cardiovascular diseases and other conditions typically seen in older age.

The study highlights how these molecular shifts happen more abruptly than previously thought. Over 81% of the molecules tracked during the study exhibited non-linear fluctuations, meaning they changed more rapidly at certain ages. The researchers noted these transformations peaked during two distinct life periods — the mid-40s and early 60s.

Why do these aging bursts occur around 44 and 60?

While the shifts in the early 60s were expected due to known health risks at that age, the significant changes observed in the mid-40s came as a surprise to the researchers. Initially, they believed menopause in women might be driving this change, but the study found that men also experience these shifts in their mid-40s. This suggests broader biological factors are influencing these changes.

In their findings, the researchers noted that molecules tied to alcohol metabolism, cardiovascular disease, and skin and muscle function shifted dramatically for people in their 40s, while those linked to carbohydrate metabolism, immune regulation, and kidney function changed for people in their 60s.

How can people manage aging during these critical periods?

The study’s authors suggest making proactive lifestyle adjustments during these periods of rapid aging. In the mid-40s, reducing alcohol consumption and focusing on cardiovascular health through exercise can help. 

In the early 60s, maintaining muscle mass and monitoring carbohydrate intake might support better aging outcomes. Regular health monitoring and adapting one's lifestyle to address these changes can make a significant impact on long-term health.

The Source:
This article is based on information from a Stanford Medicine study published in Nature Aging and related insights on aging research.