200 words article language仕事
I'm seeking a certified WooCommerce specialist for stress free professional monthly maintenance of my website. Key responsibilities would include: - stress free regular plugin updates - Continuous security monitoring - Performance optimization with a focus on reducing server load, ensuring there are no caching issues - excellent UX knowledge and application Please note, cont...not required at this time. The ideal candidate has extensive experience in WooCommerce plugins supporting retail end to end - from purchase to shipping - who can ensure my site runs smoothly and securely with excellent knowledge and management of retail product launches with big loads for short periods of time. Seeking a trustworthy experienced kind individual with good commance of English language,...
I'm looking for a skilled Arabic translator with a strong understanding of scientific terminology. The project involves translating articles about natural disasters, with the primary aim of raising public awareness. Key requirements: - Translation of scientific articles i...terminology. The project involves translating articles about natural disasters, with the primary aim of raising public awareness. Key requirements: - Translation of scientific articles into Arabic - Adherence to a provided glossary for specific terminologies - Ability to convey the intended message for public understanding Ideal skills: - Proficiency in Arabic and English, particularly in scientific language - Experience in translation for public awareness purposes - Detail-oriented, able to follow a glos...
We need developers to replicate 100% of the functionality of this AI backend and add some new features. Language requirement: The backend must be developed entirely in Node.js, and it must seamlessly integrate with the existing admin panel. Website: Front End: The admin panel is as shown in the screenshot. Important: We can provide you with this project’s source code for reference, but most of the original code is encrypted. Additionally, both the admin panel and the front end are in Chinese, so you would need to use a webpage auto-translation feature. The backend is also encrypted. The original project was built with PHP + Node.js. However, our requirement is 100% Node.js—please do not use PHP. One month deadline for completion. Overall Development Requirements: -...
I would like to design a new erp for special treatment centers such as those for clients with autism. The erp will be in greek language. It will contain client details, appointments, attendances, client financial details, evaluation entry, doctor's opinion entry, attendance balances, etc. Also, I need to have login. You can see screenshots attached but I need another design.
The task is to create a compiler that translates code written in a simple imperative language into virtual machine instructions. The language is characterized by a grammar that includes variable declarations, conditional statements, loops, procedure calls, arithmetic operations, and array operations. Requirements: Compilation and error handling: The compiler should detect errors such as: Duplicate variable declarations, Usage of undeclared variables, Errors related to procedures (e.g., unknown procedures). If there are no errors, the compiler should generate the virtual machine code. Code optimization: The resulting machine code should be optimized for size and speed. Special attention should be given to arithmetic operations, especially multiplication and division, which ...
I'm seeking a freelancer who can curate a list of 100 high-quality backlinks from general technology websites with a Domain Authority (DA) and Page Authority (PA) of 50+. These links will be utilized for submitting blog posts to enhance our SEO efforts. Requirements: - 100 verified high-quality backlinks - Domains with DA & PA scores of 50 or higher - Platforms that support article or guest post submissions - General technology websites preferred - No spammy or low-quality domains If you have such a list, please share it with us. The information will be highly appreciated and utilized to strengthen our SEO efforts.
I'm seeking a skilled video editor for my German-language educational YouTube content. The videos will alternate between documentary-style and interview formats. Key Requirements: - Proficiency in Adobe Premiere Pro and After Effects - Capacity to comprehend and edit for a variety of educational content - Ability to adhere to a moderate post-production involvement, including occasional revisions and feedback - Native or fluent German speaker with excellent understanding of the language Potential for Long-Term Collaboration: If I find a freelancer who consistently delivers high-quality edits and shows a good understanding of the content and feedback, I would be open to establishing a long-term working relationship.
...background. She can be found on Spotify and other music platforms with her existing music. Currently is in a distribution agreement with a record label but is in search of a personal music manager with similar visions and an extensive music network to build with. Key Responsibilities: - Guidance in finding Angel Investors - Develop and implement a comprehensive artist promotion strategy - Book article opportunities for artist press releases - Secure collaborations with other artists - Book venue gigs for artist performances - Pitch to Spotify playlists to increase reach and visibility -Aid in the establishment of visual art for new music releases Ideal Skills: - Proven experience in music management and artist promotion - Excellent network for securing press releases and artic...
...and posting on TikTok accounts. The job will involve: • Finding students who are willing to manage a TikTok profile. • Explaining the project details to them (posting 3 times a day and maintaining an active profile). • Ensuring they are available and committed to working for 100–200€/month. • Coordinating with the candidates and providing updates on recruitment progress. Project Details: • Task: Creating a TikTok account and posting 3 times a day on behalf of the project. • Payment: 100–200€ per month, depending on the quality and consistency of posts. • Commitment: Regular posts (3 times daily), keeping the TikTok account active and growing. • Long-term opportunity: If successful, this can...
...Requirements: - The website should be designed in a way that customers can use filters in order to easily find the adventure tour they're looking for. These filters might be used in other pages like calendar, testemonials, news, and gallery. - It should have an easy navigation system both desktop and mobile. - From a webdesign perspective we're talking about 20 pages. - Main language will be English. Second language will be Portuguese (same page design) - All content input (EN/PT) will be done by us (admin) therefore not to be included on this quotation. - The website must include integration with Checkfront from where it collects all data regarding items, availability and prices. - On any given tour we should be able to put in under RESERVE in order to accommod...
I'm looking for a seasoned AI developer to create a generational AI-integrated chatbot for WhatsApp. This chatbot will serve as a travel sales assistant. Key Responsibilitie...seasoned AI developer to create a generational AI-integrated chatbot for WhatsApp. This chatbot will serve as a travel sales assistant. Key Responsibilities: - Designing and developing the chatbot to handle customer inquiries efficiently. - Creating and implementing a sales process within the chatbot. The chatbot should support: - Only Spanish language. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in AI and chatbot development. - Deep understanding of the Spanish language. - Experience in creating sales-oriented chatbots. - Familiarity with WhatsApp's API. Please provide relevant examples of your prev...
We are looking for a content writer with a basic understanding of content creation, eager to grow and develop their skills. Since the content type, industries/topics, and article length are not yet defined, flexibility and a willingness to learn are essential for this role. Compensation: ₹10,000 per month Ideal Skills: - Basic adaptability in writing styles for different audiences - General awareness of a variety of topics - Willingness to learn and improve task management - Familiarity with grammar basics to produce error-free content - Eagerness to develop technical and social media writing skills - Basic editing skills with attention to clarity and coherence - Enthusiasm to learn time management and audience analysis - Openness to multitask and handle multiple assignments Exper...
I can develop a responsive and feature-rich newspaper website using Laravel, including an admin panel for article management, SEO optimization, and a user-friendly design. Let’s discuss your requirements!
I'm seeking a seasoned developer to create a ro...paid options - Credit system allowing purchase or earning via Google AdMob video ads - Advanced search and filter options - In-app chat facilitating buyer-seller communication - Multi-language support, primarily English and Hindi - Paid ad options inclusive of Banner ads, Featured ads, and Priority listings Ideal Skills and Experience: - Expertise in developing C2C marketplaces - Proficiency in mobile app development for both iOS and Android - Familiarity with integrating ad systems, especially Google AdMob - Experience in implementing chat functionalities within apps - Capability to incorporate multi-language support Your bid should reflect your understanding of these requirements and showcase similar projects you'...
I'm looking for a Webflow expert to create a visually appealing, user-friendly website for my new mobile language learning app. This site needs to cater to young professionals aged 18-35, focusing on simplicity and accessibility while maintaining a modern and engaging tone. Key Requirements: - Design and develop a responsive website, with desktop and mobile versions. - Include dedicated sections for app features (especially the language exchange community), testimonials, pricing, and a blog. - Integrate a download link for both iOS and Android. - Create an inspirational tone for the testimonials section. Deliverables: - A fully functional, SEO-optimized website with fast load times. - Source files for design in Webflow. - Comprehensive documentation for website mainten...
I'm looking for a web designer and developer who can create a user-friendly and visually appealing WordPress or Webflow website to promote my new mobile app for language learning. The target audience is young professionals aged 18–35 who want to improve their language skills conveniently. Key Features: - Responsive design - Sections for app features, testimonials, pricing, and a blog - An integrated download link for both iOS and Android Desired Tone/Style: The website should have a modern, engaging, and approachable tone, with a focus on simplicity and accessibility. I particularly like the visual design and user interface of sites like Duolingo, Babbel, and Rosetta Stone. Deliverables: - A fully functional website (for both desktop and mobile) - Source files...
I'm looking for spokespersons from various countries to create casual, product review UGC videos in their native languages. Key Responsibilities: - Create engaging and relatable product review videos. - Communicate in a casual tone and style. - Speak in your own language, representing your country. Ideal Skills: - Experience in video creation and product review. - Ability to convey a casual tone and style. - Proficiency in your native language, with clear articulation.
I need assistance in drafting several legal documents. This includes: - Court Documents: Specifically, I need complaints, petitions, and responses. These should be written at a basic level, outlining the key points succinctly. - Other Legal Documents: The project may also involve drafting various legal agreements and policies. Ideal candidates should have strong legal bac...Specifically, I need complaints, petitions, and responses. These should be written at a basic level, outlining the key points succinctly. - Other Legal Documents: The project may also involve drafting various legal agreements and policies. Ideal candidates should have strong legal background and experience in drafting court documents. The ability to distill complex legal concepts into clear, concise language i...
...including 6 posts and 2-3 stories. Engage with the audience to increase brand awareness and interaction. Run Paid Advertising Campaigns: Set up and optimize ad campaigns on Facebook, Instagram, Google Ads, and YouTube. Conduct A/B testing and audience targeting to maximize ROI. Produce High-Quality Content: Create 100 short video reels (15-30 seconds) showcasing course benefits and tips. Design 200 stories for social media, pre-scheduled for daily uploads. Incorporate engaging visuals, animations, and professional editing. Set Up Infrastructure and Analytics: Configure tools like Google Analytics, Facebook Pixel, and Hotjar for data tracking. Ensure proper integration with landing pages and payment gateways. Monitor performance metrics to continuously optimize campaigns. Deliv...
I am seeking a skilled professional who can both develop a business-oriented website and translat...who can both develop a business-oriented website and translate product descriptions into another language. Key Project Aspects: - Developing a business site: The website needs to be professional, user-friendly, and capable of showcasing our products effectively. Previous experience in business site development is a must. - Translating product descriptions: The translator should be proficient in the target language and capable of conveying the intended message accurately and appealingly. Experience in translating product descriptions is highly desirable. Ideal Skills: - Website development - Text translation - E-commerce understanding - SEO knowledge - Bilingual proficiency ...
I am seeking a line editor for my philosophical poetic novel. This book features a distinct blend of narrative style where the story is in prose and dialogues are in poetic form, set in a historical age. Key Requirements: - Extensive line editing experience, preferably with novels - Strong grasp of poetic language - Ability to adhere to a specific style guide Your primary focus will be on the poetic language, ensuring it is consistent and flows well throughout the book. I have a specific style guide for the poetic dialogues, which you'll need to follow closely.
...and gamblers. Length • Typically 800–1,200 words per article, though this may vary depending on the topic. Frequency • Flexible, but ideally 1–2 articles per week per writer. Deadlines • Articles must be submitted by agreed-upon deadlines to ensure timely publication. Originality • All content must be original and not published elsewhere. Proper attribution is required for any sourced material. Preferred Qualifications • Experience writing about sports, sports gambling, or related topics. • Strong understanding of sports betting terminology and concepts. • Familiarity with major sports leagues and events. • Ability to research and present data-driven insights. What We Provide • Competitive pay based on experience a...
I'm looking for a dedicated call center for my tour and travel business. The center should handle both inbound and outbound calls, providing excellent customer support and assisting with sales and marketing. Key Responsibilities: - Handling customer inquiries and providing support - Assisting with sales and marketing initiatives - Handling booking and reservations calls Language Proficiency: - Call center agents must be fluent in English and Hindi. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Prior experience in the tour and travel industry is a plus - Proven track record in customer service and sales - Excellent communication skills - Ability to handle high call volumes - Proficient in handling booking and reservation calls.
...improvement. Client Communication: Communicate with clients as needed to resolve financial issues. Required Experience: Odoo Experience: Must have prior hands-on experience with the Odoo accounting system. Accounting Background: In-depth knowledge of financial accounting principles and reporting. Financial Data Analysis: Ability to analyze financial data accurately and provide recommendations. Arabic Language Proficiency: Proficiency in Arabic, both spoken and written. Organizational Skills: High organizational skills with the ability to manage time effectively. Remote Work Experience: Previous experience in remote work and possession of necessary work tools....
I'm seeking a skilled translator to convert a variety of creative documents from English to Spanish. This project demands not just language skills, but a keen understanding and appreciation for creative content. Your translation should capture the tone, style, and intent of the original documents. Prior experience with creative content is highly valued.
Here’s a universal framework to create the perfect brief for a writing project in any language. The more details you include, the easier it is for the writer to deliver high-quality work. --- 1. Project Overview Provide a summary of what the project is about and the purpose of the content. Purpose: Why is this content being created? (Marketing, education, storytelling, etc.) Objective: What is the desired outcome? Example: "Create a 1000-word persuasive article in Nepali to promote local tourism in Pokhara, encouraging visitors to explore lesser-known attractions." --- 2. Target Language & Audience Clearly define the language and audience: Language: Specify the language, dialect, and any cultural nuances. Audience:...
Project for Vandana01 New Customization for LoveWaterGarden - New Customization of Homepage, Scrolling Banner, Header, Search bar, Mobile Friendly, Updated theme, Dropdown Menu and picture menu, Photo and Text Article and Link Pages as shown Image sizes and alt text for seo in theme - Custom Category Display New Field for custom shipping periods New Field for the feature of the item (ie: Heavy Blooming, Easy for Beginner, Shade tolerant, Customer Favorite, New, Award Winner, Large Flowers, Long Blooming Season, Cleans Water, Prevents Algae, Protects Fish, Attracts Pollinators), Top Bloomer, Energy Efficient, Price Breaks) - Custom Product Page Mobile Friendly, Custom Fields (new including shipping periods) on plants and animals. Links to up to 4 add on recommended items with photo. ...
I'm looking for a German language translator. Your service is highly required.
...track record in editing various written materials, including books, with a focus on preserving the author's voice while refining clarity and coherence. With a decade of hands-on experience in the book world, I am eager to provide valuable suggestions to improve content, flow, and overall effectiveness. In addition, I am well-versed in formatting documents for both print and eBooks on D2D. As an Article Writer, I’m highly skilled in SEO-optimized content and have a deep understanding of on-page and off-page SEO strategies. Thanks to thorough research and high-quality writing, my articles engage readers and rank well in search engines. I’m also proficient in Canva and Hootsuite, creating compelling social media posts that resonate with target audiences. In additi...
Hi, as discussed. I will be working on your 4000 words project.
I'm in need of a content writer with a formal and professional tone....professional tone. The main objective of the content is to educate or inform readers. Ideal skills and experience for this job include: - Exceptional writing and editing skills - Ability to write in a formal and professional tone - Experience in creating educational content - Strong research skills to ensure accuracy and credibility Skills Required: - Copywriting - Technical Writing - Ghostwriting - Article Writing - Content Writing I am open to various topics, so a broad knowledge base is a plus. The content will cover different subjects aimed at the general public, industry professionals, and students or learners. I am looking for someone who can create high-quality, informative articles, blog posts, a...
...while sounding natural, engaging, and human-written. We want to avoid any robotic or AI-generated tone. Project Scope: Content Volume: 4000 articles Source Material: Provided in CSV format (containing article titles and content). Deliverables: 4000 rewritten articles in a specified format (e.g., .docx, .txt, or directly into a WordPress staging environment – to be discussed). Content Requirements: Uniqueness: 100% original content, free from plagiarism (verified using plagiarism detection tools). Accuracy: Maintain the factual accuracy and core message of the original articles. Natural Language: Written in a clear, concise, and engaging style, avoiding robotic or AI-generated phrasing. Readability: Optimized for online reading with appropriate use of headings, subh...
Project for Vandana01 New Customization for LoveWaterGarden - New Customization of Homepage, Scrolling Banner, Header, Search bar, Mobile Friendly, Updated theme, Dropdown Menu and picture menu, Photo and Text Article and Link Pages as shown Image sizes and alt text for seo in theme - Custom Category Display New Field for custom shipping periods New Field for the feature of the item (ie: Heavy Blooming, Easy for Beginner, Shade tolerant, Customer Favorite, New, Award Winner, Large Flowers, Long Blooming Season, Cleans Water, Prevents Algae, Protects Fish, Attracts Pollinators), Top Bloomer, Energy Efficient, Price Breaks) - Custom Product Page Mobile Friendly, Custom Fields (new including shipping periods) on plants and animals. Links to up to 4 add on recommended items with pho...
I'm looking for an expert to assist with migrating our email solution from an on-premises Exchange to Office 365. Key Requirements: - Migration of over 200 mailboxes - Transferring of contacts and calendars alongside emails - Ensuring minimal downtime during the transition Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience with Office 365 migrations - Proficiency in handling large scale email migrations - Expertise in data transfer including contacts and calendars - Excellent troubleshooting skills to handle potential issues during the migration process
...while sounding natural, engaging, and human-written. We want to avoid any robotic or AI-generated tone. Project Scope: Content Volume: 4000 articles Source Material: Provided in CSV format (containing article titles and content). Deliverables: 4000 rewritten articles in a specified format (e.g., .docx, .txt, or directly into a WordPress staging environment – to be discussed). Content Requirements: Uniqueness: 100% original content, free from plagiarism (verified using plagiarism detection tools). Accuracy: Maintain the factual accuracy and core message of the original articles. Natural Language: Written in a clear, concise, and engaging style, avoiding robotic or AI-generated phrasing. Readability: Optimized for online reading with appropriate use of headings, subh...
Free...precise execution. Your Responsibilities: Design and implement custom scene transitions and visual effects using Adobe After Effects. Creatively and accurately execute the planned effects according to the trailer's requirements. What You Bring: Proven experience with Adobe After Effects, particularly in animations and effects. A strong eye for aesthetics and attention to detail. Good German language skills to fully understand and implement the project requirements. What We Offer: A unique project with exciting creative challenges. Opportunities for collaboration on future creative projects. Fair compensation based on your experience and qualifications. Interested? We look forward to your application, including work samples and a brief description of your pre...
Job Description: We are seeking an experienced AI/ML developer to work on an exciting project. The ideal candidate should have expertise in training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) and integrating advanced Text-to-Speech (TTS) APIs. Responsibilities: Train and fine-tune large language models (LLMs) for specific use cases. Implement and optimize Text-to-Speech (TTS) solutions for high-quality output. Collaborate on project requirements and deliverables. Troubleshoot and debug AI/ML-related challenges. Document and present the project outcomes. Requirements: Proven experience in training and fine-tuning LLMs (e.g., GPT, BERT, or similar). Proficiency in using Text-to-Speech APIs like Google TTS, Amazon Polly, or similar. Programming skills in Python, Ten...
...while sounding natural, engaging, and human-written. We want to avoid any robotic or AI-generated tone. Project Scope: Content Volume: 4000 articles Source Material: Provided in CSV format (containing article titles and content). Deliverables: 4000 rewritten articles in a specified format (e.g., .docx, .txt, or directly into a WordPress staging environment – to be discussed). Content Requirements: Uniqueness: 100% original content, free from plagiarism (verified using plagiarism detection tools). Accuracy: Maintain the factual accuracy and core message of the original articles. Natural Language: Written in a clear, concise, and engaging style, avoiding robotic or AI-generated phrasing. Readability: Optimized for online reading with appropriate use of headings, subh...
I'm looking for an expert to assist with migrating our email solution from an on-premises Exchange to Office 365. Key Requirements: - Migration of over 200 mailboxes - Transferring of contacts and calendars alongside emails - Ensuring minimal downtime during the transition Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience with Office 365 migrations - Proficiency in handling large scale email migrations - Expertise in data transfer including contacts and calendars - Excellent troubleshooting skills to handle potential issues during the migration process
I'm looking for an AI module that can process school textbooks, specifically in Mathematics and Science. This module should be capable of identifying and extracting questions, answers, chapter titles, and key concepts from these textbooks. Key Requirements: - The AI module should be able to handle school-level Mathemat...chapter titles, and key concepts from these textbooks. Key Requirements: - The AI module should be able to handle school-level Mathematics and Science textbooks. - It should be capable of extracting a variety of details from the textbooks, not just questions and answers, but also chapter titles and key concepts. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in AI and machine learning. - Experience with natural language processing. - Familiarity with Mathematics and Science sc...
I'm looking for an expert to assist with migrating our email solution from an on-premises Exchange to Office 365. Key Requirements: - Migration of over 200 mailboxes - Transferring of contacts and calendars alongside emails - Ensuring minimal downtime during the transition Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience with Office 365 migrations - Proficiency in handling large scale email migrations - Expertise in data transfer including contacts and calendars - Excellent troubleshooting skills to handle potential issues during the migration process
I need a professional to help implement content warnings for text on my website. This is to alert users about potentially sensitive content such as graphic language, sensitive topics, and personal information. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Web Development: Ability to integrate content warnings seamlessly into my website. - Content Sensitivity: Understanding of what constitutes graphic language, sensitive topics, and personal information. - User Experience: Knowledge on how to implement these warnings without disrupting the user experience.
I'm looking for a seasoned writer with a strong grasp on technology and a professional writing style to pen 60 blogs a month, each around 1000 words. Key Requirements: - In-depth understanding of the technology sector, especially in areas like Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity, Gadgets and Reviews - Exceptional content writing skills to create engaging and informative pieces - Proficiency in SEO to ensure the blogs reach a wider audience - Capability to convert images and data into infographics for blog inclusion - Experience in data entry and assignment writing Your writing should always maintain a professional and formal tone. Please provide samples of your previous work in the technology field.
I'm looking for a designer who can create an original and stylish headboard and bed. The goal is to have a unique and innovative design that stands out. The material for the headboard is not predetermined, so I'm open to suggestions. It could be wood, or upholstered or combination of both depending on what the designer thinks would best suit the design. Dimentions of bed: 180cm width x 200 cm length Dimentions of the wall behind : 340 cm width x 260 height You can make the headboard cover the whole wall width or only the bed width its up to you but you need to show on the design the bed against the wall including side tables Its for a 4 star hotel not for a home ! I don't want to waist anyones time so please send simple designs and the ones i give good score ...
I'm looking for an expert to assist with migrating our email solution from an on-premises Exchange to Office 365. Key Requirements: - Migration of over 200 mailboxes - Transferring of contacts and calendars alongside emails - Ensuring minimal downtime during the transition Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience with Office 365 migrations - Proficiency in handling large scale email migrations - Expertise in data transfer including contacts and calendars - Excellent troubleshooting skills to handle potential issues during the migration process
...while sounding natural, engaging, and human-written. We want to avoid any robotic or AI-generated tone. Project Scope: Content Volume: 4000 articles Source Material: Provided in CSV format (containing article titles and content). Deliverables: 4000 rewritten articles in a specified format (e.g., .docx, .txt, or directly into a WordPress staging environment – to be discussed). Content Requirements: Uniqueness: 100% original content, free from plagiarism (verified using plagiarism detection tools). Accuracy: Maintain the factual accuracy and core message of the original articles. Natural Language: Written in a clear, concise, and engaging style, avoiding robotic or AI-generated phrasing. Readability: Optimized for online reading with appropriate use of headings, subh...
...interviews. Key Features: - Comprehensive news updates: This includes game results, team announcements, player spotlights and more. - User-friendly article posting: I need an easy-to-use interface that allows me to post updates and articles for fans to read. - Fan Forum: A space for fans to interact, discuss, and share their thoughts about the team. Ideal Skills: - Web development: Proficiency in creating engaging, easy-to-navigate websites is essential. - Experience with setting up forums: Familiarity with creating and moderating online forums is a plus. - Content management systems: Knowledge of CMS will help in designing a user-friendly article posting interface. The goal is to create a platform that not only keeps fans informed, but also fosters a sense of communi...
I'm looking for a professional wr...professional writer to create 60 blogs per month on various topics related to technology, digital marketing, software development, and image conversion. This is a long-term project, so only genuine writers committed to delivering high-quality, AI-free content will be considered. Each blog should be accompanied by relevant images and infographics. Ideal Skills: - Excellent command of the English language - Ability to write in a formal and professional tone - Experience in the mentioned fields Responsibilities: - Writing 60 blogs per month - Researching and incorporating a mix of provided and self-researched keywords - Sourcing and including relevant images and infographics Please note, I'm looking for a writer who can deliver without ...
