How to develop a software product jobs

I am looking to develop a mini Java Spring Boot web application that incorporates user authentication features. Please refer to the images for this mini project requirement Functionality: - The project primarily revolves around building a user authentication system to secure the web application effectively. Expertise Required: - Proficient in Java and Spring Boot Framework. - Experience in designing secure user authentication systems. - Understanding of web application development.

I'm looking for a skilled freelancer to develop a comprehensive car pooling app that includes well-designed source code and backend AWS Cloud deployment. This app should be provided as white-labeled. Core Features - The app should facilitate ride matching and booking. - It must incorporate a secure and efficient payment processing system. - A user reviews and ratings system is essential. - The app should be a unified mobile platform catering to both drivers and passengers. Platform Support - The app needs to be compatible with both iOS and Android. User Authentication - The sign-up and login process should solely rely on phone number verification. Ideal Skills - Experience in mobile app development for both iOS and An...

I need a professional to develop mechanical plans specifically for an HVAC system in a residential building. I already have the blueprints and architectural plans ready for you to work with. Key elements of this project include: - Developing detailed mechanical plans for an HVAC system. - Using provided blueprints and architectural plans. - Ensuring plans meet residential building standards and requirements. Ideal skills and experience: - Proven experience in creating mechanical plans, specifically for HVAC systems. - Familiarity with residential building standards. - Excellent attention to detail. - Ability to work from provided blueprints and architectural plans.

We are Emigro Consulting, a professional immigration consulting firm, seeking a talented freelancer to design and develop a comprehensive website, create engaging content, and design a logo that reflects our brand. Project Scope 1. Website Development: Design and develop a responsive, SEO-friendly website with the following pages: • Home: Showcase our brand, mission, and a summary of our services. • About Us: Highlight our experience, vision, and team expertise. • Services: Detail our immigration services, including visa assistance, application support, and more. • Eligibility Assessment: Add an interactive form for users to assess their eligibility. • Success Stories: Share testimonials a...

I'm launching a new indoor playground aimed at children 0-5 years, featuring all environmentally friendly toys. I'm looking for a whimsical and playful logo that aligns with this concept and uses a pastel colour palette. Key Responsibilities: - Develop a logo for three potential names: 'The Daisy Patch', 'Daisy’s Playroom', and 'Daisy’s Indoor Playground'. - Incorporate flowers and potentially other shapes, not just flowers, into the design. - Use a whimsical and playful style, appropriate for a children's indoor playground. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in logo design, particularly for children's brands. - Strong understanding of colour theory and ability ...

I'm looking for a skilled Flutter developer who can create a user-friendly interface for a 10-inch touchscreen panel. This UI will help in demonstrating our product, so it needs to be well-designed and intuitive. Key elements of the interface should include: - Sliders - LED indicators - Buttons - Other visual indicators as shown in the provided PDF The control panel layout can be flexible, but it should be optimized for a touchscreen experience. Additionally, the project will require: - Documented stubs for both input and output values, intended for use with physical hardware (specifically, a Raspberry Pi). - Adherence to our brand colors in the design. Ideal candidates should have: - Proven experience in Flutter development...

Development of V2ray iOS and Android Client App Overview We are looking to hire a skilled freelancer to develop a cross-platform mobile application (iOS and Android) for V2ray. The app must integrate with our existing backend and VPN servers, which are fully functional and connected to the XMPLUS panel. The developer is responsible for deploying a VPN client app that connects to these servers using the following APIs: Server API: Client API: Xray-core (V2ray core): The app should have two versions: Free Version: Supported by Google Ads for monetization. VIP Version: Paid subscription model with premium features and an ad-free experience. The developer will handle the

I'm in need of a landing page that primarily showcases an interactive demo of my product. The page should also serve to collect early access registrations through a simple form, and include a countdown timer leading up to the product launch. Key responsibilities: - Create an engaging, interactive demo of the product in a modern and minimalistic style - Implement a user-friendly registration form for early access - Integrate a precise countdown timer for the product launch Given the nature of the project, the ideal freelancer would be proficient in either Adobe or Figma. They should also have a strong understanding of modern, minimalistic design principles, and have the ability to creat...

I'm looking for a skilled team to develop a robust taxi booking application akin to the Uber platform. The app needs to be compatible across iOS, Android, and Web platforms, ensuring a seamless user experience regardless of device. Key Features: - Real-time GPS tracking: The app should allow passengers to track their rides in real-time and drivers to navigate efficiently. - In-app payments: A secure, user-friendly payment system integrated within the app. - Driver and passenger ratings: A feedback system to maintain service quality and encourage good behavior. - Residual affiliate marketing strategies: Design and implement strategies within the app to promote affiliate marketing. User Types: ...

I'm launching a small business and need help getting my brand name out there. The goal is to promote my brand, increase my social media following and drive traffic to my website, all on a small budget without the use of paid ads. You're welcome to check out my site: and my Instagram: cinnamonchaiofficial to get a sense of the vibe I'm going for. Key Responsibilities: - Create engaging social media posts primarily for Instagram and Pinterest. - Share appealing pictures of my products to draw in potential customers. - Develop strategies to grow my following organically. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in social media marketing, particularly on Instagram and Pinterest. - Strong understan...

...create a Flappy Bird game using Visual Studio and Unity. The game should be developed with a flexible architecture that allows for easy porting to multiple platforms, including iOS, Android, and Web. Key Responsibilities: - Develop the game using Unity and Visual Studio - Implement core Flappy Bird mechanics - Design with cross-platform compatibility in mind Ideal Skills: - Proficient in Unity and Visual Studio - Prior experience in game development - Understanding of Flappy Bird game mechanics - Knowledge of cross-platform development Please note, I have not yet decided on specific features, visual style, or platforms for the game. However, having a flexible approach and the ability to suggest features and styles based on your experience wou...

...seeking a professional with expertise in software patenting to assist me in patenting my fully developed mobile productivity application. This app has unique features and functionalities that set it apart in the crowded mobile application market. Key Responsibilities: - Assess the patentability of the software - Prepare and file the software patent application - Guide through the patent process Ideal Skills: - Extensive experience in software patenting - Excellent understanding of mobile applications - Strong background in productivity tools development The successful freelancer will have a proven track record in software patenting and will be able to demonstrate their ability to navigate the complexities of this ...

I'm seeking a dedicated sales professional to promote and sell our line of industrial components, specifically rubber parts. This role is primarily B2B focused, targeting other businesses in need of high-quality, durable components for their operations. Key Responsibilities: - Lead Generation: Identify and cultivate potential business clients in relevant sectors. - Client Meetings: Conduct meetings with prospective and existing clients to discuss their needs and how our products can meet them. - Product Demonstrations: Showcase the functionality and quality of our rubber components to clients, highlighting their benefits and advantages. Ideal candidates should possess: - Proven experience in B2B sales, ideally within the industrial sector. -...

I need a professional background removal service for my product images. The task involves: - Removing backgrounds from 11 to 50 product images - Delivering the final images in PNG format Ideal candidates for this project should have experience in photo editing and background removal, particularly for product images. A keen eye for detail and ability to deliver high-quality images is crucial.

I'm looking for a professional who can create a new WordPress e-commerce site for selling software licenses. The site should be designed to gain Google Merchant Center approval, making it easier to reach potential customers. This project has the potential to be long-term, with subsequent updates and expansions. Key Requirements: - Expertise in WordPress and e-commerce site development - Experience with Google Merchant Center approval processes - Knowledge in software license management systems - Proficiency in payment gateway integrations - Ability to create a user-friendly interface Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven track record in designing and developing e-commerce sites - Familiarity with software licensin...

that are key to attracting users: rimarily offers games and has features - User-friendly Interface: The software must be easy to navigate for users of all ages and tech-savvy levels. - Multiplayer Functions: A significant part of the appeal is the ability to play with friends or other users, enhancing the social aspect of gaming. - Regular Updates: The software needs to offer regular updates to keep the content fresh and engaging, preventing user dropout.I'm seeking potential clients for my entertainment platform software, primarily targeting individual users. The software p Ideal candidates for this project should have strong networking skills, experience in client acquisition and a passion for entertainmen...

I'm looking for a seasoned Hybrid Mobile App developer to help me create a productivity-focused app. The app should be compatible with both iOS and Android devices. Key Requirements: Vehicle Parking System Project Overview 1. Project Title Vehicle Parking System 2. Introduction Purpose: To develop an efficient parking management system accessible via mobile (iOS & Android) and desktop applications. Scope: Manage parking reservations, payments, and space availability. 3. Features User Authentication User registration and login (social media integration). Parking Space Management View available parking spots in real-time. Reserve a parking space. Payment Integration Support for various payment methods (credit/debit cards, digital walle...

I'm looking for a skilled React front-end developer to work with my Django backend. Key Responsibilities: - Collaborate with the backend team to ensure seamless integration - Implement responsive design for a consistent user experience across devices - Develop custom forms and interactive charts/graphs as per project requirements Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in React.js and Django - Experience with responsive design - Ability to create custom forms and interactive elements Personality : - No toxication - Fast work deliveries, responsive, and agile If you're a proactive developer with a knack for front-end coding, I would love to hear from you. Salary : $5/Page $3/Hour for modifying / code's maintenance

I am looking to develop a custom device that appears and functions as a standard calculator on the surface but includes advanced hidden functionalities. The device should integrate a Raspberry Pi Zero (or similar hardware) to perform API-based computations and facilitate internet connectivity via a SIM card. Key functionalities include: WolframAlpha API Integration: The device will process and return results for advanced mathematical and scientific computations, including step-by-step solutions. Internet Connectivity: Incorporate a SIM card module for internet access to connect to online resources such as WolframAlpha, Wikipedia, and other APIs. Mode Switching: The device should operate in two modes: Basic Mode: Functi...

I'm in need of a Python expert who can develop a script for me to scrape specific stock information from finance.yahoo.com. Requirements: - The script should be able to scrape the current stock price and financial statements from a list of stock symbols I will provide. - The data needs to be delivered in a CSV format. Ideal Skills: - Deep knowledge in Python development. - Prior experience with web scraping. - Understanding of stock market data. - Ability to deliver data in specified format. Please only bid if you have the necessary skills and experience.

I need a professional to build a custom e-mail blast software primarily for sending transactional emails. Key Features: - Must support Two-Factor Authentication for secure access. Although the user did not specify additional features, the ideal candidate should propose enhancements based on industry standards and best practices. A deep understanding of email software development, cybersecurity measures, and user-friendly design is highly desirable.

...Description: I’m seeking a talented and creative fashion designer specializing in women’s formal wear to help create a unique and stylish clothing line. This is an exciting opportunity to bring fresh ideas and designs to life while maintaining elegance, comfort, and current fashion trends. Key Responsibilities: • Design a sophisticated collection of women’s formal wear, ensuring a perfect blend of style and comfort. • Conduct research to stay updated with the latest fashion trends, fabrics, and market demands for formal wear. • Develop detailed sketches, technical drawings, and mood boards for the collection. • Collaborate on fabric selection, color palettes, and garment constructio...

I'm looking for an experienced freelancer to assist with posting products on Amazon and other market places Key Requirements: - Previous experience in product posting on Amazon is essential. - Ability to post 11-50 products efficiently. - No need for product description writing, as all descriptions are ready. If you're familiar with Amazon's marketplace, have a keen eye for detail, and can ensure all products are listed accurately, please get in touch. Pay is negotiable based on expertise and efficiency.

I'm seeking an experienced 3D motion graphics video editor to craft a modern and sleek video for an upcoming product launch. The primary aim of this video is to captivate and engage our audience in a way that drives interest and excitement for our new product. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in 3D motion graphics software - Previous experience in creating marketing videos - Ability to create modern and sleek visuals - Understanding of pacing and timing for product launch context - Excellent communication skills for project updates and feedback.

I'm seeking a machine learning specialist to help classify offensive messages, specifically hate speech and cyberbullying, from Twitter snippets. Classify the text message on the go. Key Responsibilities: - Develop a model capable of identifying offensive messages from partial information. - Utilize deep learning methods, specifically LSTM and BERT, for early text classification. Ideal Candidate: - Proficient in Natural Language Processing (NLP). - Experienced with machine learning classification algorithms. - Familiar with social media data, particularly Twitter. - Previous experience with similar projects is highly regarded. Data: - I have fully labeled data for training the model. - The task involves building a robust model that can accurately...

I'm looking for an expert in TradingView's Pinescript to develop an automated trading strategy for cryptocurrency. The script is likely to be relatively simple based on some manual inputs and involves the trading engine opening orders and corresponding hedges as the market price changes.

I am seeking an SEO expert to improve the search engine rankings of my website, with a primary focus on optimizing product pages. The goal is to enhance visibility and drive traffic to these pages, ultimately boosting sales. Key Responsibilities: - Conduct on-page optimization for all product pages - Develop and implement a strategic backlink building plan The ideal candidate should have: - Proven experience in SEO, particularly with product pages - Strong skills in on-page optimization and backlink building - Knowledge of the latest SEO trends and techniques Please include examples of your past SEO successes in your proposal.

...the details #1—> PRODUCT  ( FREE) 1. HOW TO GET ANYTHING YOU WANT CHALLENGE. ( Free challenge) 2. Online webinar to build wealth and healthy relationships. Lessons of secrets of success.( 3 DAYS CHALLENGE) 3. Support from the community and coaches. 4. Audiences are athletes, business owners and everyone who wants to be successful. #2—> PAYMENT 1. ILL pay you 5000 inr for the first project. 2. If you bring 101 free sign-ups before March 8 then you'll build trust and I will pay you more for the next projects (remember next projects will be to bring sales not free sign ups but paid sales). #3—> MY EFFORTS 1. I won't do any work for these sign-ups 2. I'll only provide you the link to prom...

I'm looking to develop a new iOS mobile app specifically for booking private jet flights. The primary function of this app will be facilitating the flight booking process. Ideally, the app should be intuitive, user-friendly, and able to cater to both seasoned fliers and first-timers. Key Features: - Payment Integration: The app must have a secure and seamless payment gateway. Experience with integrating payment systems like Stripe or PayPal is a plus. - User Accounts: The app should allow users to create accounts, track their bookings, and save their preferences for future use. Knowledge of implementing user authentication and data security measures is essential. - Flight Searching: An intuitive flight searching feature is cruci...

I'm seeking an AI and machine learning expert who can develop a system for camera-based object detection. The primary goal is to analyze data with a focus on pattern recognition. Key Requirements: - Expertise in AI and machine learning - Proficiency in developing camera-based object detection systems - Experience in data analysis, specifically pattern recognition - Ability to train the system to recognize vehicles The ideal candidate will have a strong background in AI and machine learning, with a demonstrated ability to create systems that can analyze data and recognize patterns. Experience with camera-based object detection is crucial, as is the ability to train the system to identify specific objects, in...

I'm looking to develop plans for a unique, single-family home, specifically a house on pylons. The house must be designed with flood resistance as a key feature. Key Requirements: - Design a single-family house on pylons - Ensure the house is flood resistant - Understand and incorporate the necessary design elements for a house on pylons Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in residential home design - Strong understanding of flood-resistant architecture - Prior design work on houses on pylons is a plus - Excellent creativity to blend functionality with modern design elements

I need a seasoned social media strategist to help me develop a content plan for my OB/GYN-focused Instagram account aimed at promoting my business. Key Responsibilities: - Develop a comprehensive content strategy centered around the OB/GYN theme - Optimize the strategy for business promotion Ideal Skills & Experience: - Proven experience in social media strategy, particularly Instagram - Familiarity with the OB/GYN field or healthcare industry - Strong understanding of business promotion via social media - Ability to create engaging content plans

I'm seeking a mechanical designer with expertise in product design for the manufacturing sector. The job will involve creating a product intended for industrial use. Key Responsibilities: - Develop innovative product designs that meet industry standards and specifications. - Ensure the designs are optimized for manufacturability and durability. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in product design, particularly for the manufacturing industry. - Strong understanding of mechanical design principles. - Proficient in CAD software and other design tools. - Excellent problem-solving skills and attention to detail.

I'm looking for a talented A+ content creator to enhance our product listing on Amazon. This project involves creating engaging content that includes animations, images, and text to effectively showcase our product and brand. Key Requirements: - Create product demonstration animations - Use real-life photos for imagery - Highlighting specific elements such as product features and our brand story Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in animation and A+ content creation for Amazon - Excellent photography and photo-editing skills - Creative storytelling abilities Previous experience with Amazon A+ content is a plus. Please provide samples of your previous work.

The website is ready and functional. only small help required for single product page. Therefore please quote accordingly. Only apply if you have strong Woo Commerce knowledge I'm facing design layout issues on the product details section of my WooCommerce website's single product page. The problems include: - Text formatting: The text is not properly formatted, making it difficult to read and understand. - Alignment issues: Various elements within the product details section are not aligned properly, disrupting the overall visual flow. - Missing information: Some crucial product details are not being displayed. If you have a strong background in WooCommerce and web design, especially with product pages, your expertise ...

I'm in need of a creative professional who can design a minimalist style paperback journal with me on Canva. The journal is to help those with ADHD. I will not need lots of help, mainly design tips and help. Key Requirements: - Expertise in Canva - Experience in designing for paperback - Strong understanding of minimalist design - Not a requirement but understanding of ADHD (personal or not) Please could you help me develop a design suited for a journal, keeping in mind the conventions of the genre but with a unique, modern minimalist approach. Your role will be to help conceptualize and develop a design that balances functionality and style. You should be able to work within the parameters of Canva,...

I am looking for a developer who can create a 4-inner page responsive HTML website for me. The main goal of the website is to collect inquiries or leads. Key Requirements: - Design and develop a Home page, About Us page, and Contact Us page - Implementing a modern and minimalistic design - Ensuring the design is responsive across all devices - Incorporate lead collection features effectively Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in HTML, CSS, JavaScript - Experience in creating responsive websites - Strong understanding of modern minimalistic design principles - Knowledge in implementing lead collection tools on websites PSD Design is available

We are seeking a professional developer with expertise in **CodeIgniter** and **Flutter** to work on our educational platform, which is based on the **EduAppGT Pro School System** Over the years, the platform has been heavily customized, and we aim to further enhance it while integrating it with a newly developed mobile application. #### Scope of Work: 1. **Mobile Application Development (Flutter)**: - Develop a completely new mobile application using **Flutter**, fully integrated with our existing educational platform (for student Users Only). - The app will provide key features such as student and teacher dashboards, interactive learning tools, notifications, and more. 2. **Ongoing Platform Development (CodeIgniter)**: - Customize

We are seeking a skilled WordPress Developer to integrate and customize the Fancy Product Designer plugin for our WooCommerce store. The ideal candidate will have experience with WordPress plugin development, strong front-end and back-end skills, and a solid understanding of WooCommerce. Your primary responsibility will be to ensure the plugin is seamlessly implemented, highly functional, and aligned with our website’s design and performance standards. Key Responsibilities: Install, configure, and customize the Fancy Product Designer plugin on our WooCommerce site. Modify and extend plugin functionality to meet specific business requirements. Optimize front-end interfaces to ensure a user-friendly design experience. Int...

We are seeking a skilled and experienced Freelance Web Developer to build a fully functional e-commerce website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The website must include a robust backend, customer login capabilities, payment integration, and delivery integration. The project requires expertise in creating SEO-friendly web pages and deploying the website to HostGator. Responsibilities: - Develop responsive and SEO-optimized e-commerce web pages using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. - Design and implement a secure backend to support customer login and manage user data. - Integrate payment gateways like Stripe and PayU for seamless transactions. - Set up delivery partner integration with Shiprocket for efficient order fulfillment. - Ensure c...

Requirement: Hyperlocal Marketplace for Photography Services We are looking to develop a hyperlocal marketplace for photography-related services where nearby photographers can offer their services to customers. The solution will include: User Channels: Photographers (Vendors): Mobile App Customers (End Users): Mobile App Admin (Marketplace Management): Web Panel Services Required: Design (UI/UX) Website Development Mobile App Development Issue Maintenance Functional Workflow Overview: Vendors (Photographers): Sign up and set up profiles via the app or web. List services under admin-defined categories. Create custom packages combining services with add-ons. Set pricing for services and packages. Upload work portfolios. Specify availability slots for services....

I need a ticket-based Queue Management System (QMS). Does anyone sell the ready-made system? NO NEED TO DEVELOP FROM SCRATCH. PLEASE DO NOT OFFER DEVELOPMENT.

I am seeking a proactive Business Development Executive/Manager for my software development company based in Ahmedabad. This role primarily focuses on lead generation and client acquisition. Your main tasks would involve: - Identifying potential clients in sectors such as Healthcare, Finance, E-commerce, and Software Development. - Generating leads and converting them into clients. You will need to target: - The local market in Ahmedabad - The national market across India - The international market Ideal candidates should possess: - Strong skills in lead generation and client acquisition. - Proven experience in the software development industry. - Exceptional networking abilities and a knack for identifying business opportunities. Your goal wil...

Objective: The primary goal of this project is to enhance the search engine ranking of the website, specifically achieving a position on the first page of Google. This effort is focused on improving the visibility and accessibility of the website to drive organic traffic and boost overall online presence. Scope of Work: The project entails comprehensive SEO optimization of the website, with a specific focus on its service pages. The goal is to ensure these pages rank highly for relevant keywords and attract the target audience effectively. Key Responsibilities: SEO Audit: Conduct a detailed audit of the website to identify strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement. Analyze website structure, on-page elements, backlinks, an...

I'm experiencing a critical issue with my based accounting software. Since the end of October, the VAT amount is not being pulled through from invoices or during the reconciliation process. This issue is affecting both invoice generation and invoice reconciliation. Ideal candidates for this project should: - Have significant experience in debugging applications. - Be proficient in accounting software systems. - Have a solid understanding of VAT calculations and invoicing processes. Your expertise in troubleshooting this issue will be instrumental in getting my accounting software back on track. Please provide examples of similar projects you've completed in your proposal.

I'm seeking an experienced SEO professional who can enhance my website's visibility and rankings on search engines. I haven't specified th...an experienced SEO professional who can enhance my website's visibility and rankings on search engines. I haven't specified the primary goal of the SEO work yet, but it's crucial to have an expert who can adapt and strategize based on the project's evolving objectives. Key Responsibilities: - Conduct an in-depth SEO audit of my website. - Develop and implement an effective SEO strategy. - Monitor and report on SEO performance. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in SEO, preferably with diverse types of websites. - Strong knowledge of various SEO tools and techniques. - Excellent analytic...

I need several variants of two product images. The variants are different colors of the product and different sizes (added glass planes). - Colors: The product variants should be in black, white, and anthracite (the profiles). - Color of the wooden subframe: Pine wood and Douglas wood - Sizes: The product comes in 5 or 6 sizes. The variants need to include added glass planes for these sizes. - Glass Planes: Each variant should consist of 1, 2, 3 ,4, 5, 6 glass planes for 1 image, and 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 glass planes for the other variant Ideal skills for this job include image editing, graphic design, and product photography. Experience with creating product image variants is a plus. Please provide a portfolio of similar wor...

Product Page Customization" refers to the process of tailoring the layout, design, and content of a product page to suit your brand, enhance user experience, and drive sales. This can include customizing product images, descriptions, pricing, features, and adding unique elements such as customer reviews, product recommendations, and interactive features. The goal is to create an engaging and visually appealing product page that effectively showcases your offerings and encourages potential customers to make a purchase

I'm looking for a seasoned digital marketer with a strong focus on Social Media Marketing. Your main task will be promoting my products on Amazon and Flipkart through engaging and effective content. Key Responsibilities: - Content Creation: Develop compelling and visually appealing content that captures the essence of our brand and engages our target audience. - Account Management: Regularly update, monitor, and manage our presence on these platforms. Ideal Skills: - Proven experience in social media marketing, particularly for e-commerce. - Strong content creation skills, including graphic design and copywriting. - Excellent understanding of Amazon and Flipkart's platform dynamics. Please provide examples of previous work in your proposal.

...are developing a standalone module to analyze product specifications using OpenAI API. This module should allow users to upload specification documents via a simple "Upload" button, extract predefined parameters, and provide them as outputs in a clear format. This module will operate independently but should also integrate seamlessly into our existing .NET Framework and MVC5 based product selection software. Scope of Work: File Upload Functionality: Develop a UI element (e.g., an "Upload" button) to accept specification documents in PDF, Word, or plain text formats. Specification Analysis: Use OpenAI API to extract key parameters such as airflow, energy efficiency, and other techni...