Marketing strategy for mobile phone industryKazi
I'm in need of a professional voice-over artist to narrate a corporate video for a Fortune 500 company. The video is approximately 5 minutes long, and the ideal candidate will have: - A calm and soothing voice, with exceptional enunciation and delivery. - Previous experience in corporate narration or e-learning. - Access to top-notch recording equipment for crystal-clear audio. The project has a deadline of two weeks from assignment. The target audience for this video will be business executives and employees. The narration will be accompanied by subtle instrumental background music. No specific industry jargon will need to be emphasized, general language will suffice. Please include a demo reel of similar work with your application.
I'm looking to set up a Shopify store for my luxury chandelier business. The store needs to be visually appealing and user-friendly, with a custom logo and professional design. I want someone who understand and is able to set up marketing & sales: 1. Email marketing tools, abandoned cart recovery system, product recommendation engine, etc. 2. Secure payment processing solutions like stripe, PayPal Key Requirements: 1. Optimized Shopify Theme 2. Custom Logo 3. Professional Clean Design 4. Custom Banners / Images 5. Custom Coding To Improve User Experience 6. 4 Content Page Templates 7. 20 Test Products Uploaded 8. Mobile Responsive Design 9. Expert App Installation 10. Site Map Creation & Submission 11. Google Shopping Data Feed Creation 12. Ana...
Hi there, I am only picking out the finishes for a four-story office building. See the attached. I will need the conceptual drawings so the customer can visualize everything schematic design and possibly even a video walking them through once I have picked everything up. Are you able to help with this? I don’t have a date yet I am in Houston Texas and I just wanna make sure that we can be able to do this. What would your fee be so that I can include it in my quote. Also how would you work.
...align with these technologies. Ideal candidates or teams should demonstrate expertise in aviation industry processes and ERP development. Key Requirements: - Proven experience with GoLang and NextJS. - Familiarity with aviation industry standards and workflows (e.g., parts inventory, MRO, logistics). - Solution must include core ERP features such as: - Inventory and parts management. - Order processing and RFQ workflows. - User-friendly interfaces for administrators and customers. - Ability to integrate with our existing infrastructure with minimal changes. Deliverables: - Provide a demo or overview of your existing ERP solution. - Outline required changes (if any) for compatibility with [](). - Final delivery of
I'm seeking an instructional designer, who isnexperienced in business trainings for corporates to help me in designing engaging games that can be implemented in strategic mamagement workshop. The workshop will be implemented over 3 days, and the audience are experienced business professionals . The ideas i seek must be: - Implemented in Groups - Using basic tools (cards, paper, color pencils, sticky notes) or cardboard games..etc - Promote experential learning Your proposal should: 1. Showcase previous relevant experience 2. Showcase clear ideas for each phase of strategic planning (Analysis, Formulation, Implementation, and Evaluation). Thank you
I need an 8-page white paper that educates gaming company executives on Digital Transformation in the Gaming industry. The paper should be comprehensive yet easy to digest for its intended audience. Key topics to be covered include: - The impact of emerging technologies on the gaming industry - Current and future market trends - Frameworks for implementing digital transformation Ideal freelancers for this project should have a strong understanding of the gaming industry and digital transformation, along with excellent writing skills and experience in creating educational content for industry professionals. The white paper must include sufficient citations to scientific papers. The white paper must include diagrams relevant to the ...
I'm seeking to expand my digital marketing agency's team with a dedicated Project Manager and Personal Assistant. This person must be highly organized and results-oriented in order to oversee the launch of our services and ensure timely delivery. Entry-level and intermediate-level candidates are welcome to apply. Before you submit a proposal, please make sure you meet the qualifications: - Experience successfully managing at least one project. - Excellent communication, interpersonal, and organizational skills. - Experience with project management tools. - Strong problem-solving skills. - Highly organized, proactive, and able to work independently with minimal supervision. - Excellent time management and prioritization skills. - Strong work ethic and a commitment to e...
I'm looking for a modern and sleek logo for my DJ duo, A:M Local. Key Requirements: - The logo should ideally incorporate elements of DJ equipment and musical notes. - It should also include the initials of our name, A:M Local. Skills and Experience: - A strong portfolio of logo design, particularly in the music industry, would be beneficial. - Experience with modern and sleek design aesthetics is preferred. - Ability to creatively incorporate specified elements into a cohesive design is crucial. Please note that specific colors and styles have not been determined yet, so I am open to your creative input and suggestions.
I'm looking for a skilled link builder who can create referral links for Telegram, specifically aimed at increasing user sign-ups. Key Requirements: - Proven experience in building referral links for cryptocurrency platforms - In-depth knowledge of Telegram and its crypto community - SEO and digital marketing skills would be a plus - Ability to create engaging content to accompany the links - Excellent communication skills Your goal will be to drive traffic through these referral links and boost our user sign-ups. Creativity and understanding of the crypto landscape will be key to your success in this role.
I'm looking for a qualified professional to help set up my Shopify store and manage my Google Ads campaign with the primary goal of increasing website traffic. Additionally, I need assistance importing my existing product listings into the new store. Key Responsibilities: - Set up a fully functional and optimized Shopify store. - Create and manage Google Ads campaign focused on driving traffic to the store. - Import existing product listings from my previous store. Ideal Skills: - Proven experience with Shopify store setup. - Expertise in managing Google Ads. - Skills in data import and management. - SEO knowledge and digital marketing experience.
I'm looking for a skilled digital marketer who can help boost engagement on my Instagram through captivating image and photo content, and promote my products or services through effective social media and email marketing on weekly basis. Key responsibilities: - Create and manage Instagram posts focused on images and photos, aimed at increasing engagement - Develop and implement an email marketing strategy centered around product promotion Ideal skills and experience: - Proven experience in Instagram marketing, specifically with image-based content - Proficient in email marketing with a track record of product promotion success - Creative content creation skills - Strong understanding of digital marketing trends and strategies
Dear Client, I bring extensive experience in Technical SEO and have successfully resolved indexing issues and optimized site structures for better search engine performance. For your Abaya fashion brand, I’ll ensure proper indexing, address duplicate content, and implement a UAE-specific backlink strategy tailored to the fashion industry. My expertise also includes optimizing files and enhancing visibility in niche markets. Best Regards, Nibhan Bin Saleem
More details: What specific area of marketing expertise do you need? Social Media Marketing Do you have a specific social media platform focus? Any What is your budget for this marketing project? 20
Job Description: SEO Specialist for Wix Website I am looking for an experienced freelancer to set up and optimize SEO for my Wix website. The primary goal is to drive traffic to my website and attract clients interested in photography, videography, and editing services in Prague, Czech Republic. Scope of Work: SEO Setup: Optimize my Wix website for search engines to improve its ranking and visibility. Keyword Research: Identify relevant keywords related to photography, videography, and editing services in Prague. Content Optimization: Ensure all website content, meta tags, titles, and descriptions are SEO-friendly. Local SEO: Focus on local search optimization to target clients specifically in Prague and surrounding areas. Link Building: Develop a stra...
I’m seeking a highly skilled professional to help me increase bookings and revenue for my vacation rental, Cherry Tree Cute Studio Apartment in Zagreb. My apartment is already listed on Airbnb, , TripAdvisor, Facebook, and Instagram, but I’m struggling with low visibility and conversion rates. Additionally, I’d like to start running Facebook/Instagram ads to drive more traffic and bookings. Key Responsibilities: 1. Airbnb & Optimization: • Review my current listings and provide actionable recommendations to improve search visibility, click-through rates, and conversion rates. • Optimize titles, descriptions, photos, pricing strategies, and availability calendars. • Share expertise on how to use promotions, reviews, and algorithms effectivel...
I'm seeking a professional with proven experience in lead generation on Instagram. The primary goal is to generate local sales leads. We need to find people that will sell us their broken/used phones. Key Responsibilities: - Develop and implement effective Instagram strategies for local lead generation. - Convert potential followers into sales leads. Ideal Skills: - Expertise in Instagram marketing and lead generation. - Strong understanding of local market dynamics. - Proficiency in converting social media interactions into sales leads.
I am in need of a Flutter/Dart expert to assist in developing an application. The specifics of the application are not yet determined, hence flexibility and expertise in the field is crucial. The ideal candidate for this project should possess the following skills and experiences: - Proficient in Flutter and Dart programming languages - Prior experience in mobile app development - Understanding of cross-platform application development - Ability to work independently and flexibly Please note, the project has not yet defined target platforms, therefore the ability to develop for iOS, Android and Web is a significant advantage.
I'm looking for a photographer to capture 6 final product images in stunning natural landscapes. Your work will primarily serve for marketing and advertising purposes. Sketchbook from your process of the work Key Requirements: - Prior experience in product photography is essential. - A portfolio that includes photographs taken in natural settings like forests or mountains is highly desirable. - Ability to creatively showcase products against the backdrop of beautiful landscapes. - Knowledge and skills in using photography equipment and editing software to produce captivating and high-quality images. Please provide samples of your previous work and any innovative ideas you might have for this project.
I'm seeking a professional to compile Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all raw materials required in the production of memory foam. The MSDS should cover commonly used materials, not specific formulations. Key Requirements: - MSDS for all raw materials used in memory foam production - Focus on commonly used materials - Delivery of MSDS in PDF format Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in compiling or sourcing MSDS - Familiarity with manufacturing materials, particularly in the foam industry, is a plus - Excellent attention to detail and ability to meet deadlines. Please ensure that all MSDS are comprehensive and adhere to standard safety regulations. Thank you.
I'm in need of a skilled Social Media Marketing professional to boost my website traffic through engaging and targeted social media campaigns. Ideal skills for this project include: - Proficiency in various social media platforms - Experience in driving website traffic - Ability to create compelling content Currently, my website contains blog posts, product descriptions, and landing pages. Your role will be to leverage these assets as well as create new content, to captivate and grow our audience.
...o Update the cookies notification to comply with regulations. 2. Remove Phone Number: o Remove the phone number from all visible areas of the website. 3. Contact Form: o Add a professional contact form where emails are sent to both the WordPress backend and my inbox. 4. Add a Helpdesk Plugin: o Integrate a free helpdesk solution for customer inquiries. o Suggested Plugin: SupportCandy (Free) or Awesome Support (Free). 5. WooCommerce Integration: o Add WooCommerce to allow customers to:  Create accounts.  Order services/products (e.g., logo design, posters).  Pay securely through integrated payment options (e.g., Mollie or PayPal). 6. Quote Request Feature: o Add a dedicated form where visitors can request a quote for custom services. 7. Match Colors to Log...
I'm looking for a professional web developer with a strong background in lead-generation strategies and informative web content. Key Responsibilities: - Design, develop and implement a company website aimed at generating leads and providing key information about our company and industry. - The website needs to showcase company, information, news and updates, educational content, and industry reports and analyses. Essential Features: - Incorporation of contact forms and a live chat functionality to aid in lead generation. - The website needs to be user-friendly, responsive, and optimized for SEO. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in creating business-oriented websites. - Strong knowledge in web development and design. - Excellent understand...
Need to make a design for a mobile application for the site: Opaeuropa md
I am seeking a professional business plan writer with demonstrable experience in crafting plans for luxury consumer goods. This plan will focus on a small business that imports exclusive perfumes and sells them in the US. Key aspects of the project include: - Targeting: The plan needs to reflect a business model focused on luxury consumers. - Marketing: The strategy will heavily involve influencer partnerships, so this should be a significant part of the plan. - Social Media Focus: Instagram will be the primary platform for this business, so the plan should incorporate strategies for leveraging this platform effectively. The ideal freelancer for this project will have: - Strong understanding and experience with the luxury consumer market. - Prov...
I'm seeking a professional with experience in cold email marketing to help generate business for my limo company. Key Responsibilities: - Craft and send cold emails targeting corporate clients to introduce our services. - Effectively communicate our company background and services, as well as including client testimonials and success stories to build credibility and interest. The ideal candidate will have: - Proven experience in B2B email marketing, specifically targeting corporate clients. - Excellent communication skills with an ability to create engaging and persuasive content. - Familiarity with the limousine or transportation industry would be a plus.
I'm on the lookout for a talented designer with content writing skills to create a striking, colorful banner for product promotion. If the work is impressive, there's potential for ongoing collaboration on additional banners. Submit your work with proposal. Don’t bid if you are not good with creative writing. Put ‘Nothing’ at top of proposal to avoid getting rejected.
...INTEND TO DO THE WORK FOR *** I'm in need of an Elementor specialist to help with a couple of issues we're experiencing with a sticky top page block we've created (seen in attached screenshot). We're looking for someone who can: 1. Modify our sticky block so it has a white background with 50% opacity. Currently, any background color settings we define in Elementor are ignored by the browser, both on mobile and desktop. 2. Adjust the two column display for mobile so the columns show side-by-side instead of being stacked on mobile devices. Development site URL will be provided to the selected freelancer. Please also provide detailed instructions on how to replicate the solutions provided, so we can apply them to our produc...
Our emerging e-retail firm specializing in fine gifts and menswear requires an experienced consultant to architect and activate a comprehensive digital marketing plan. The ideal candidate will have substantial expertise devising integrated online campaigns for similar luxury goods ventures. The job will basically include the followings: 1. Educate management on what needs to be done to grow the business. 2. Creating an integrated digital marketing strategy 3. Creating goals/forecasting like where we want to be after 1 month, 3 months, 6 months or so on. 4. Hiring teams to do the hands on works as per those strategies 5. Coordinating between those people so everything runs smooth. 6. Reviewing the performance regularly with our initial goals and optimize st...
I am looking for a talented graphic designer to create a clean, recognisable modern-style logo for my deli/ bakery : BRUNCHY The values of BRUNCHY - Creating a new food experience in a small village setting ; handmade, quality breakfast, lunch and bakery. - Emphasis on the quality and handmade nature of our products - Commitment to providing a friendly and efficient service to our customers. The Target Market for BRUNCHY - People who want a convenient food option - People who want to support a local independent business - People who value high quality ingredients over low prices - People who want healthy and tasty brunch food. Requirements: - A contemporary, sleek design that encapsulates the essence of a deli/bakery. - Use of specified colour palette: teal, ...
Project goal: To create a mobile application for managing cleaning company services. Platforms: Android and iOS (Google Play and App Store). Languages: English, Arabic Functionality: Based on the JUSTLIFE application, but adapted exclusively for cleaning services. Main application functions 1. User registration and authorization • Registration by phone number, email or via social networks. • Authorization via login/password, with password recovery support. 2. List of services • Cleaning service categories (e.g. apartment cleaning, office cleaning). • Detailed description of each service (time of completion, cost). • Adding services to the cart. 3. Ordering services • Selecting the type of service, date, time and address. • ...
As an SEO expert, your primary task will be to ensure all our web pages are indexed properly. Key Tasks: - Tackle the current issue of pages not getting indexed. - Implement strategies to prevent duplicate content issues. - Optimize our site structure for better ranking and faster indexing. - Establish a robust backlink strategy targeting the UAE market and the Abaya fashion industry specifically. Ideal Candidate: - You have demonstrated experience boosting rankings for fashion/Abaya brands in particular. - You come equipped with a portfolio showcasing your previous SEO successes. - You have a deep understanding of Technical SEO and can skillfully handle tasks such as optimizing robots.txt. - You have strong contacts and experience with UAE-based backlinks. P...
I am seeking a skilled professional to help me connect with Instagram influencers for promoting my haircare products. The primary goal of this campaign is to enhance brand visibility and recognition within the beauty industry. Key Requirements: - Identify and reach out to suitable Instagram influencers in the beauty and haircare niche. - Develop a proposal for influencer collaboration that aligns with my brand values and marketing goals. - Ideally, the freelancer should have experience in influencer marketing and a good understanding of the beauty industry. - Strong communication and negotiation skills are a must.
Music related web platfo...reports on his tracks using official SPOTIFY API. User can also pay to order a custom artwork for his album/single. Can withdraw his stream earnings and so on. Must be done a complete & custom back-end to handle users modules such as distributed songs, stats and so on and admin modules such as earnings, reports, stats, excel exports, invoices and settings. Payments gateway, social logins etc must be integrated and implemented. Multi languages support. Laravel 8 & latest tecnologies must be used. Supporting cross website and devices. Eloquent Master & Seo friendly. Modern stylish & material design website. Must be used only up-to-date libraries. Must be provided an API to connect a future mobile app. Write in the proposal "...
...create a captivating book cover for "Saffron: From Fields to Fortune – The Ultimate Guide to Growing, Marketing and Medicinal Use". Key Requirements: - The main focal point of the cover should be the saffron flower, flanked by outdoor farm imagery. - The design style is envisioned to be 'artistic and abstract'. - The cover must be designed in accordance with Amazon KDP's technical specifications, including a 300 DPI resolution, CMYK color format, and compliance with KDP spine and text margin rules. Inspiration: - Use of saffron flowers in human eyes to symbolize vision and connection. - Novel and original ideas are encouraged, with the potential to incorporate freely provided saffron-themed images. Ideal Skills: - Experience with book cov...
I'm in need of a seasoned professional who can establish a brand new forum focused on travel, specifically catering to business travellers. Your task will be to implement effective strategies to get it off the g...effective strategies to get it off the ground and attract the target audience. Your response must include the word "lollipop" to demonstrate that you have read this job description thoroughly. Key Responsibilities: - Develop a forum with a focus on adventure travel - Implement strategies for user acquisition and engagement Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven track record of creating and launching successful online forums - Deep understanding and passion for adventure travel - Excellent communication and marketing skills - Ability to demons...
I'm looking for a classic and timeless logo and shopfront signage design for my cosmetic and orthodontic dental clinic, "Advance Smiles and Orthodontics". The logo should incorporate elements of teeth or smile imagery, as it's essential to reflect our field of expertise and the friendly nature of our services. The sign should incorporate both logo and name: Advance Smiles & Orthodontics with an appropriate logo. - **Logo Style**: The design should be classic and timeless, not overly complicated but sophisticated enough to signify the quality of our specialist dental services. - **Imagery**: The use of teeth or smile imagery is crucial. This will help to communicate the purpose of our clinic at a glance. - **Color Scheme**: The color palette will be ...
I'm seeking a seasoned developer with robust experience in mobile application development, specifically on both Android and iOS platforms. The ideal candidate should have a proven track record of implementing real-time push notifications and impact detection functions in applications. Key Responsibilities: - Develop a seamless cross-platform mobile application - Implement real-time push notifications and impact detection functionalities - Create a web service introduction page for the application Server Development: The project also involves server development. The ideal candidate should have experience in designing server architecture capable of managing users' push notifications and supporting reporting systems. Key Requirements: - Link user authentica...
Hello, I am looking for a professional freelancer experienced in Data Scraping to obtain Saudi phone numbers along with the associated multiple names for each number. I would like to extract the data from any of the following apps: 1. App 1 2. App 2 3. App 3 (Number Book Gulf) – This app is the preferred option. Project Details: • Extract Saudi phone numbers only. • Retrieve all names associated with each number (there may be multiple names per number). • Save the data in an Excel or CSV file. • The data must be accurate and properly extracted from any of the mentioned apps. Notes: • Priority will be given to the "Number Book Gulf" app. However, if it is difficult to extract
I'm seeking a seasoned developer to create an automation using Pipedrive's API. This automation should activate when a user clicks on the phone icon, subsequently opening an activity screen to log the call under the relevant entity, be it a person, organization, deal, or lead.
I'm seeking a dedicated sales representative for our upcoming launch of a safety tool for semi trucks and trailers. Key Responsibilities: - Cold calling potential clients. - Email outreach for product marketing. - Providing product demonstrations. Ideal Skills: - Experience in the logistics industry. - Strong communication and networking skills. - Proven track record in sales.
I'm looking for an expert in digital marketing, particularly focused on increasing app downloads for my Android application, School of Cosmetic. The app offers recorded video classes on cosmetic formulations. Key Requirements: - Experience in digital marketing, particularly in promoting mobile applications - Proven track record of increasing app downloads - Expertise in social media marketing, specifically on YouTube - Ability to create engaging content tailored for the target audience Your main goal will be to boost the download rate of the app using effective strategies on YouTube. The ideal candidate should be able to provide a comprehensive plan detailing how they intend to achieve this.
Hi, I'm looking for someone to record a video for an ad. The person will be following a script I provide. Just a genuine review. The key requirement is that the person needs to have issues with breathing through their nose. The video should be filmed in a home setting with: - 1080p Full HD resolution. The ad will be shown on: - YouTube and Social Media. Ideal skills and experience for the job include: - Comfortable in front of a camera, - Able to follow a script, - Basic phone.
I'm seeking an internet marketing expert to promote a specific campaign on our crowdfunding website. The primary aim is to increase backers for this campaign. The ideal candidate should have: - Proven experience with internet marketing, particularly in crowdfunding promotion. - Excellent skills in social media marketing, SEO optimization, and email marketing. - Capability to craft compelling content to engage potential backers. Please note that while specific platforms have not been selected yet, the focus will primarily be on popular social media channels.
...Ensure each video is optimized for YouTube Shorts format (vertical, under 60 seconds). Requirements: Proven experience in 3D animation and video editing, with a strong portfolio showcasing your work. Proficiency in industry-standard animation and video editing software (e.g., Blender, Maya, Adobe After Effects, Premiere Pro). Strong storytelling skills and a keen eye for detail. Ability to work independently and meet deadlines. Excellent communication skills for smooth collaboration. Preferred Qualifications: Experience creating content for YouTube, particularly in the Shorts format. Understanding of YouTube SEO and trends to enhance video performance. Project Scope: Ongoing collaboration with regular video outputs (weekly or bi-weekly). Opportuni...
I'm seeking a creative graphic designer to help me design a logo for my newly launched digital marketing agency, "Grow Clicks". Key Requirements: - Logo should be a combination of text and icons, reflecting the agency's name and purpose. - Logo should contain maximum of only 2 colours - Design should be minimal yet attractive, capturing attention without overwhelming. - Use a bright and vibrant color scheme, as opposed to muted or monochrome palettes. - Convey a sense of creativity through the design, while maintaining an element of professionalism. I expect to receive the source file, White background and transparent background along with all the fonts and elements used in the design. The output should in PNG format. Please reach out to me directly if...
I'm seeking a professional to craft a comprehensive business plan for a 5,000 square feet special education learning center. The center will accommodate ten classrooms for up to 120 students with diverse special needs. Key Focus: - The primary aim of our learning center is academic improvement. Therefore, the business plan should articulate how the center will facilitate this goal. - The center will cater to a wide age range, from early childhood (3-5 years) to teenagers (12-18 years). The plan should reflect an understanding of the unique needs and learning styles of these different age groups. The freelancer should have strong skills in market analysis, operational planning, and marketing strategy. Experience in the education sector, particularly in spe...
...exceptional full-stack development team specializing in FinTech and AI to partner with us in creating a revolutionary mobile e-banking platform. This platform will go beyond micro-lending, offering our established client base a complete e-banking solution through our innovative approach to financial services. Key Features: - Mobile-first full-scale banking operations, including account management, transactions, and savings. - Seamless API integrations with traditional banks, micro-lenders, and 3rd-party systems. - Payment capabilities like Scan-to-Pay for effortless transactions. - Comprehensive digital purchasing functionalities for end-to-end user needs. - AI-driven tools for fraud detection, predictive analytics, customer insights, and operational ...
I'm in need of a designer who can help me finish a half-done, minimalistic logo. The primary purpose of this logo is for brand recognition, product packaging and marketing materials. It needs to be monochrome as per the current design. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Strong graphic design skills - Experience with minimalistic design - Understanding of brand-oriented design - Ability to work with monochrome color palette - Proficient in design software like Adobe Illustrator or similar
I'm a small business owner seeking an experienced social media marketer to help enhance my brand's presence across Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Key Responsibilities: -...Twitter. Key Responsibilities: - Strategize and implement engaging written posts to boost brand visibility and recognition. - Target specific audience segments to maximize reach and engagement. - Monitor and report on social media metrics to measure success and adjust strategy as needed. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven track record in social media marketing, particularly for small businesses. - Excellent writing skills with a knack for creating engaging content. - Experience in using Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter for brand promotion. - Ability to analyze social ...
SEO Specialist for Multilingual Content Optimization I need a highly experienced SEO specialist to enhance the visibility and optimization of a website's content for English and German markets, with a priority on the German language. Content details: - Optimize main pages: Home, About Us, and Services- with better text for improved SEO performance. - Optimize one page with 10 of our projects and a blog page with 15 posts - improve titles and keywords... - Build high-quality backlinks focusing on high DA from the design and marketing industries. - Review and adjust text, headers, meta tags, and image alt texts based on SEO standards for all pages. - No new blog writing is required; there is potential for future content collaboration. Additi...