High mobility group protein I(Y) is required for function and for c-Rel binding to CD28 response elements within the GM-CSF and IL-2 promoters
- PMID: 8934574
- DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80503-8
High mobility group protein I(Y) is required for function and for c-Rel binding to CD28 response elements within the GM-CSF and IL-2 promoters
Abstract
CD28 response elements (CD28REs) within cytokine promoters are variant NF-kappaB-binding sites and are essential for transcription in response to CD28 receptor activation in T cells. We show that the CK-1 element (CD28RE) within the GM-CSF promoter binds the RelA and c-Rel transcription factors in response to CD28 activation. We further show that the high mobility group protein HMG I(Y) can bind to the CD28REs of both GM-CSF and IL-2 and that this binding is critical for c-Rel, but not RelA, binding. A second NF-kappaB site in the GM-CSF promoter that binds p50 and RelA, but neither c-Rel nor HMG I(Y), failed to respond to CD28 activation. Expression of HMG I or c-Rel antisense RNA inhibited CD28 activation of the IL-2 and GM-CSF promoters, implying that HMG I(Y) enhancement of c-Rel binding plays an important role in the activity of the CD28REs.
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