Premature Infant Pain Profile: development and initial validation
- PMID: 8722730
- DOI: 10.1097/00002508-199603000-00004
Premature Infant Pain Profile: development and initial validation
Abstract
Objective: Inadequate assessment of pain in premature infants is a persistent clinical problem. The objective of this research was to develop and validate a measure for assessing pain in premature infants that could be used by both clinicians and researchers.
Design: The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) was developed and validated using a prospective and retrospective design. Indicators of pain were identified from clinical experts and the literature. Indicators were retrospectively tested using four existing data sets.
Patients and settings: Infants of varying gestational ages undergoing different painful procedures from three different settings were utilized to develop and validate the measure.
Methods and results: The largest data set (n = 124) was used to develop the PIPP. The development process included determining the factor structure of the data, developing indicators and indicator scales and establishing internal consistency. The remaining three data sets were utilized to establish beginning construct validity.
Conclusions: The PIPP is a newly developed pain assessment measure for premature infants with beginning content and construct validity. The practicality and feasibility for using the PIPP in clinical practice will be determined in prospective research in the clinical setting.
Similar articles
-
Validation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R).Early Hum Dev. 2014 Apr;90(4):189-93. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Feb 1. Early Hum Dev. 2014. PMID: 24491511
-
The premature infant pain profile-revised (PIPP-R): initial validation and feasibility.Clin J Pain. 2014 Mar;30(3):238-43. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3182906aed. Clin J Pain. 2014. PMID: 24503979
-
Adaptation and Initial Validation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) in Brazil.Pain Manag Nurs. 2019 Oct;20(5):512-515. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 May 15. Pain Manag Nurs. 2019. PMID: 31103519
-
The premature infant pain profile: evaluation 13 years after development.Clin J Pain. 2010 Nov-Dec;26(9):813-30. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181ed1070. Clin J Pain. 2010. PMID: 20717010 Review.
-
Validity and Reliability of Pain and Behavioral Scales for Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.Pain Manag Nurs. 2023 Oct;24(5):e84-e96. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2023.06.010. Epub 2023 Jul 29. Pain Manag Nurs. 2023. PMID: 37524611 Review.
Cited by
-
The effects of early pain experience in neonates on pain responses in infancy and childhood.Paediatr Drugs. 2005;7(4):245-57. doi: 10.2165/00148581-200507040-00004. Paediatr Drugs. 2005. PMID: 16117561 Review.
-
Co-bedding as a Comfort measure For Twins undergoing painful procedures (CComForT Trial).BMC Pediatr. 2009 Dec 11;9:76. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-9-76. BMC Pediatr. 2009. PMID: 20003351 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Systematic evaluation of pain in neonates: effect on the number of intravenous analgesics prescribed.Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jun;59(2):87-90. doi: 10.1007/s00228-003-0585-3. Epub 2003 Apr 4. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003. PMID: 12682806 Clinical Trial.
-
Initial validation of the Behavioral Indicators of Infant Pain (BIIP).Pain. 2007 Dec 5;132(3):264-272. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.01.033. Epub 2007 Mar 23. Pain. 2007. PMID: 17382473 Free PMC article.
-
COVERS Neonatal Pain Scale: Development and Validation.Int J Pediatr. 2010;2010:496719. doi: 10.1155/2010/496719. Epub 2010 Oct 5. Int J Pediatr. 2010. PMID: 20976299 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
