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. 2024 Sep 7;39(1):139.
doi: 10.1007/s00384-024-04711-x.

Global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease, 1990-2021: Insights from the global burden of disease 2021

Daopo Lin  1 , Yang Jin  1 , Xiaoxiao Shao  1 , Yuan Xu  1 , Guolong Ma  1 , Yi Jiang  1 , Yinghe Xu  2 , Yongpo Jiang  3 , Dingyuan Hu  4
Affiliations

Global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel disease, 1990-2021: Insights from the global burden of disease 2021

Daopo Lin et al. Int J Colorectal Dis. .

Abstract

Purpose: The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is on the rise worldwide. We utilizes data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2021 to analyze the national-level burden of IBD, trends in disease incidence, and epidemiological characteristics.

Methods: Detailed information on IBD was gathered from 204 countries and territories spanning 1990 to 2021, sourced from the GBD 2021. Calculations were performed for incidence rates, mortality rates, disease-adjusted life years (DALYs), and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs). These trends were analyzed based on region, nationality, age, gender, and World Bank income level stratifications.

Results: The global age-standardised incident rate (ASIR) of IBD increased from 4.22 per 100000 in 1990 to 4.45 per 100000 in 2021. However, the age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) decreased from 0.60 per 100000 in 1990 to 0.52 per 100000 in 2021. Similarly, the age-standardised DALYs rate decreased from 21.55 per 100000 in 1990 to 18.07 per 100000 in 2021. Gender comparisons showed negligible differences in disease burden. The greatest increase in IBD-associated ASIR and ASMR occurred in World Bank upper-middle income region (EAPCs, 1.25) and World Bank high-income region (EAPCs, 1.00), respectively. Regionally, East Asia experienced the largest increase in ASIR (EAPCs, 2.89). Among 204 countries, China had the greatest increases in ASIR (EAPCs, 2.93), Netherlands had the highest ASMR in 2021 (2.21 per 100000).

Conclusions: Global incidence rate of IBD have been increasing from 1990 to 2021, while the DALYs and mortality have been decreasing. The escalating incident rates in select Asian regions deserves further attention.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Global Burden of Diseases; Inflammatory bowel disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Sex- and age-structured analysis of IBD disease burden in 2021. A Incident numbers and its corresponding rate; (B) deaths and its mortality rate; (C) The numbers and rate of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Age-standardized rate of incidence (A), mortality (B) and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) (c) per 100,000 for inflammatory bowel disease by location for both sexes in 2021 and its estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) from 1990 to 2021 (D-F)
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