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Review
. 2021 Sep 29;22(19):10547.
doi: 10.3390/ijms221910547.

Organoids: An Emerging Tool to Study Aging Signature across Human Tissues. Modeling Aging with Patient-Derived Organoids

Margalida Torrens-Mas  1   2 , Catalina Perelló-Reus  3 , Cayetano Navas-Enamorado  1   2 , Lesly Ibargüen-González  3 , Andres Sanchez-Polo  1   2 , Juan Jose Segura-Sampedro  2   4   5 , Luis Masmiquel  1 , Carles Barcelo  3 , Marta Gonzalez-Freire  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Organoids: An Emerging Tool to Study Aging Signature across Human Tissues. Modeling Aging with Patient-Derived Organoids

Margalida Torrens-Mas et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

The biology of aging is focused on the identification of novel pathways that regulate the underlying processes of aging to develop interventions aimed at delaying the onset and progression of chronic diseases to extend lifespan. However, the research on the aging field has been conducted mainly in animal models, yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, and cell cultures. Thus, it is unclear to what extent this knowledge is transferable to humans since they might not reflect the complexity of aging in people. An organoid culture is an in vitro 3D cell-culture technology that reproduces the physiological and cellular composition of the tissues and/or organs. This technology is being used in the cancer field to predict the response of a patient-derived tumor to a certain drug or treatment serving as patient stratification and drug-guidance approaches. Modeling aging with patient-derived organoids has a tremendous potential as a preclinical model tool to discover new biomarkers of aging, to predict adverse outcomes during aging, and to design personalized approaches for the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases and geriatric syndromes. This could represent a novel approach to study chronological and/or biological aging, paving the way to personalized interventions targeting the biology of aging.

Keywords: aging; organoids; precision medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) as a personalized aging tool. PDOs can be obtained from reprogramming adult stem cells into uncommitted induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which through a series of differentiation steps result in the generation of the desired tissue type organoid. Alternatively, tumor resection or liquid biopsy/circulating-tumor cells (CTC) can be the source of the adult stem cell (ASCs) required to establish the organoid. Modeling aging with PDOs have a tremendous potential as a preclinical model tool to discover new biomarkers of aging, to predict adverse outcomes during aging, and to design personalized approaches for prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases and geriatric syndromes. This could represent a novel approach to study chronological and/or biological aging, paving the way to personalized interventions targeting the biology of aging.
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