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Review
. 2021 Mar 18;22(6):3092.
doi: 10.3390/ijms22063092.

Nanomaterials for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Arthritis

Seyedeh Maryam Hosseinikhah  1 , Mahmood Barani  2 , Abbas Rahdar  3 , Henning Madry  4 , Rabia Arshad  5 , Vahideh Mohammadzadeh  6 , Magali Cucchiarini  4
Affiliations
Review

Nanomaterials for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Arthritis

Seyedeh Maryam Hosseinikhah et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Nanomaterials have received increasing attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common complex multifactorial joint-associated autoimmune inflammatory disorder. RA is characterized by an inflammation of the synovium with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) and by the destruction of the articular cartilage and bone, and it is associated with the development of cardiovascular disorders such as heart attack and stroke. While a number of imaging tools allow for the monitoring and diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis, and despite ongoing work to enhance their sensitivity and precision, the proper assessment of RA remains difficult particularly in the early stages of the disease. Our goal here is to describe the benefits of applying various nanomaterials as next-generation RA imaging and detection tools using contrast agents and nanosensors and as improved drug delivery systems for the effective treatment of the disease.

Keywords: inflammatory arthritis; nanodiagnosis; nanotreatments.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Different nanoparticles (NPs) for imaging and biosensing of inflammatory arthritis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Liposomes as nanocarriers for the delivery of drugs in the treatment of RA.
Figure 3
Figure 3
CS-siRNA NP delivery in macrophages to suppress TNF-α expression. Macrophage elimination by CS-siRNA NPs was established to inhibit a local production of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and thus reduce the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Structure of niosomes for the transfer of various drugs to target locations.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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