Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jan:171:108557.
doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108557. Epub 2020 Nov 23.

Associations of changes in fat free mass with risk for type 2 diabetes: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

M N LeCroy  1 , S Hua  2 , R C Kaplan  2 , D Sotres-Alvarez  3 , Q Qi  2 , B Thyagarajan  4 , L C Gallo  5 , A Pirzada  6 , M L Daviglus  6 , N Schneiderman  7 , G A Talavera  5 , C R Isasi  2
Affiliations

Associations of changes in fat free mass with risk for type 2 diabetes: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

M N LeCroy et al. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021 Jan.

Abstract

Aims: To determine whether loss of muscle mass (approximated using fat free mass [FFM]) is associated with risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States.

Methods: Participants were Hispanic/Latino adults (18-74-year-olds) who completed Visit 2 of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL; multi-site, prospective cohort study; 6.1-year follow-up) and did not have T2DM at baseline (n = 6264). At baseline and Visit 2, FFM was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and fasting glucose, HbA1c, and fasting insulin were measured by examiners. Diabetes was defined according to American Diabetes Association criteria. Survey-weighted Poisson regression models examined the association of percent change in relative FFM (%ΔFFM) with incident prediabetes and T2DM. Survey-weighted multivariable regression models examined associations of %ΔFFM with changes in glucose and insulin measures.

Results: Relative FFM declined by 2.1% between visits. %ΔFFM was inversely associated with incident prediabetes (p-for-trend = 0.001) and with changes in glucose and insulin measures (p-for-trend <0.0001). Findings were null, except for HOMA-IR, after adjustment for changes in adiposity measures. Associations were generally stronger for individuals with baseline overweight/obesity.

Conclusions: Reducing loss of FFM during adulthood may reduce prediabetes risk (primarily insulin resistance), particularly among individuals with overweight/obesity.

Keywords: Adiposity; Hispanic; Prospective studies; Sarcopenia; Type 2 diabetes.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Timeline of data collection in HCHS/SOL for T2DM and anthropometrics. BIA Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Flow diagram of HCHS/SOL participant exclusion criteria for each prospective analysis of percent change in relative FFM and incident prediabetes, incident T2DM, change in glucose measures, and change in insulin measures. T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, V1 Visit 1 (baseline), V2 Visit 2, OGTT oral glucose tolerance test, FFM fat free mass, SD standard deviation, FM fat mass
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2017. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services; 2017.
    1. Spanakis EK, Golden SH. Race/Ethnic Difference in Diabetes and Diabetic Complications. Curr Diab Rep. 2013;13(6):814–23. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Santilli V, Bernetti A, Mangone M, Paoloni M. Clinical definition of sarcopenia. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2014;11(3):177–80. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Silva AM, Shen W, Heo M, Gallagher D, Wang Z, Sardinha LB, et al.Ethnicity-Related Skeletal Muscle Differences Across the Lifespan. Am J Hum Biol. 2010;22(1):76–82. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Baumgartner RN, Koehler KM, Gallagher D, Romero L, Heymsfield SB, Ross RR, et al.Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;147(8):755–63. - PubMed