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Review
. 2020 May 15:10:773.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00773. eCollection 2020.

Circular RNA HIPK3: A Key Circular RNA in a Variety of Human Cancers

Jingyuan Wen  1 , Jingyu Liao  1 , Junnan Liang  1 , Xiao-Ping Chen  1 , Bixiang Zhang  1 , Liang Chu  1
Affiliations
Review

Circular RNA HIPK3: A Key Circular RNA in a Variety of Human Cancers

Jingyuan Wen et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which act as initiators and promoters of various diseases, were thought to be mostly noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in eukaryotes, until recent studies confirmed that some circRNAs have the function of encoding proteins. Accumulating research findings have proved that dysregulation of circRNAs is associated with the developmental process of multiple cancers. circHIPK3, an example of circRNA, is frequently expressed in many diseases, such as diabetes, age-related cataract, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, preeclampsia, osteoblasts, and retinal vascular dysfunction, leading to disease development and progression. In addition, circHIPK3 may also serve as a potential biomarker, to help us know more about the rules of occurrence and development of cancers. In recent studies, many circHIPK3-related cancers have been identified, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gallbladder cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, osteosarcoma, glioma, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and chronic myeloid leukemia. This review summarizes recent studies on the biological mechanisms of circHIPK3 and expounds the molecular mechanisms of circHIPK3 in these malignant tumors.

Keywords: biomarker; cancer; circHIPK3; circular RNA; mRNA splicing; miRNA sponge.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
circRNA biogenesis (A) EIciRNA biogenesis and ecircRNA biogenesis via intron pairing-driven circularization. (B) EIciRNA, ecircRNA, and ciRNA biogenesis via lariat-driven circularization. (C) EIciRNA biogenesis via RBP-associated pairing-driven circularization. (D) TricRNA biogenesis via intron splicing from pre-tRNA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Generation of circHIPK3. HIPK3 is located on chromosome 11p13, and the genomic regions of HIPK3 exon 2 contain flanking Alu repeats and long introns. HIPK3 yields an abundant 1,099 nt circular RNA comprised solely of exon 2.
Figure 3
Figure 3
miRNAs that can be sponged by circHIPK3, according to published reports about human cancers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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