Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 May 8:10:204.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00204. eCollection 2020.

Review on the Current Trends of Toxoplasmosis Serodiagnosis in Humans

Rochelle Haidee D Ybañez  1 , Adrian P Ybañez  2 , Yoshifumi Nishikawa  1
Affiliations
Review

Review on the Current Trends of Toxoplasmosis Serodiagnosis in Humans

Rochelle Haidee D Ybañez et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. .

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a widely distributed zoonotic infection caused by the obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It is mainly transmitted through the ingestion of oocysts shed by an infected cat acting as its definitive host. The key to effective control and treatment of toxoplasmosis is prompt and accurate detection of T. gondii infection. Several laboratory diagnostic methods have been established, including the most commonly used serological assays such as the dye test (DT), direct or modified agglutination test (DAT/MAT), indirect hemagglutination test (IHA), latex agglutination test (LAT), indirect immunofluorescent test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), immunochromatographic tests (ICT), and the western blot. Nonetheless, creating specific and reliable approaches for serodiagnosis of T. gondii infection, and differentiating between acute and chronic phases of infection remains a challenge. This review provides information on the current trends in the serodiagnosis of human toxoplasmosis. It highlights the advantages of the use of recombinant proteins for serological testing and provides insight into the possible future direction of these methods.

Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii; human; recombinant antigens; serodiagnosis; toxoplasmosis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Ajzenberg D., Cogne N., Paris L., Bessieres M. H., Thulliez P., Filisetti D., et al. . (2002). Genotype of 86 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with human congenital toxoplasmosis, and correlation with clinical findings. J. Infect. Dis. 186, 684–689. 10.1086/342663 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ajzenberg D., Collinet F., Mercier A., Vignoles P., Dardé M. L. (2010). Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii isolates with 15 microsatellite markers in a single multiplex PCR assay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48, 4641–4645. 10.1128/JCM.01152-10 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Al-Adhami B. H., Simard M., Hernández-Ortiz A., Boireau C., Gajadhar A. A. (2016). Development and evaluation of a modified agglutination test for diagnosis of Toxoplasma infection using tachyzoites cultivated in cell culture. Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2, 15–21. 10.1016/j.fawpar.2015.12.001 - DOI
    1. Appiah-Kwarteng C., Saito T., Toda N., Kitoh K., Nishikawa Y., Adenyo C., et al. . (2019). Native SAG1 in Toxoplasma gondii lysates is superior to recombinant SAG1 for serodiagnosis of T. gondii infections in chickens. Parasitol. Int. 69, 114–120. 10.1016/j.parint.2019.01.001 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Aubert D., Maine G. T., Villena I., Hunt J. C., Howard L., Sheu M., et al. . (2000). Recombinant antigens to detect Toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin in human sera by enzyme immunoassay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38, 1144–1150. 10.1128/JCM.38.3.1144-1150.2000 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

Substances