Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current status and future perspectives

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951

. 2020 May;55(5):105951.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951. Epub 2020 Mar 29.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current status and future perspectives

Heng Li¹, Shang-Ming Liu¹, Xiao-Hua Yu², Shi-Lin Tang³, Chao-Ke Tang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
² Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 460106, China.
³ Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China. Electronic address: 286756823@qq.com.
⁴ Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China. Electronic address: tangchaoke@qq.com.

PMID: 32234466
PMCID: PMC7139247
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current status and future perspectives

Heng Li et al. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020 May.

. 2020 May;55(5):105951.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951. Epub 2020 Mar 29.

Authors

Heng Li¹, Shang-Ming Liu¹, Xiao-Hua Yu², Shi-Lin Tang³, Chao-Ke Tang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
² Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 460106, China.
³ Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China. Electronic address: 286756823@qq.com.
⁴ Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China. Electronic address: tangchaoke@qq.com.

PMID: 32234466
PMCID: PMC7139247
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, Central China, and has spread quickly to 72 countries to date. COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [previously provisionally known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)]. At present, the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 has caused a large number of deaths with tens of thousands of confirmed cases worldwide, posing a serious threat to public health. However, there are no clinically approved vaccines or specific therapeutic drugs available for COVID-19. Intensive research on the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics and to identify potential drug targets, which will contribute to the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Hence, this review will focus on recent progress regarding the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and the characteristics of COVID-19, such as the aetiology, pathogenesis and epidemiological characteristics.

Keywords: 2019-nCoV; COVID-19; Coronavirus; Pneumonia; SARS-CoV-2.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig 1 — **Fig. 1**
Structure and genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). (A) There are four structural proteins as follows: spike (S) surface glycoprotein (purple); membrane (M) protein (orange); nucleocapsid (N) protein (blue); and envelope (E) protein (green). Genomic RNA is shown encased in the N protein. (B) The SARS-CoV-2 genome is arranged in the order of 5′-replicase (ORF1a/b)–structural proteins [spike (S)–envelope (E)–membrane (M)–nucleocapsid (N)]−3′.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Elevated frequencies of CD14⁺HLA-DR^lo/neg MDSCs in COVID-19 patients.
Xue G, Jiang M, Zhao R, Le A, Li J. Xue G, et al. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Feb 26;13(5):6236-6246. doi: 10.18632/aging.202571. Epub 2021 Feb 26. Aging (Albany NY). 2021. PMID: 33640878 Free PMC article.
Repurposing Potential of the Antiparasitic Agent Ivermectin for the Treatment and/or Prophylaxis of COVID-19.
Awad H, Hassan B, Dweek S, Aboelata Y, Rawas-Qalaji M, Ahmed IS. Awad H, et al. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Aug 27;15(9):1068. doi: 10.3390/ph15091068. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022. PMID: 36145289 Free PMC article. Review.
Potency of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Its Secretome in Treating COVID-19.
Chouw A, Milanda T, Sartika CR, Kirana MN, Halim D, Faried A. Chouw A, et al. Regen Eng Transl Med. 2022;8(1):43-54. doi: 10.1007/s40883-021-00202-5. Epub 2021 Mar 10. Regen Eng Transl Med. 2022. PMID: 33723519 Free PMC article. Review.
Pharmaceutical nanotechnology: which products are been designed against COVID-19?
Cavalcanti IDL, Cajubá de Britto Lira Nogueira M. Cavalcanti IDL, et al. J Nanopart Res. 2020;22(9):276. doi: 10.1007/s11051-020-05010-6. Epub 2020 Sep 9. J Nanopart Res. 2020. PMID: 32922162 Free PMC article. Review.
COVID-19 therapy: What weapons do we bring into battle?
de Almeida SMV, Santos Soares JC, Dos Santos KL, Alves JEF, Ribeiro AG, Jacob ÍTT, da Silva Ferreira CJ, Dos Santos JC, de Oliveira JF, de Carvalho Junior LB, de Lima MDCA. de Almeida SMV, et al. Bioorg Med Chem. 2020 Dec 1;28(23):115757. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115757. Epub 2020 Sep 10. Bioorg Med Chem. 2020. PMID: 32992245 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Banerjee A, Kulcsar K, Misra V, Frieman M, Mossman K. Bats and coronaviruses. Viruses. 2019;11 doi: 10.3390/v11010041. pii: E41. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Yang D, Leibowitz JL. The structure and functions of coronavirus genomic 3′ and 5′ ends. Virus Res. 2015;206:120–133. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.02.025. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Song Z, Xu Y, Bao L, Zhang L, Yu P, Qu Y. From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight. Viruses. 2019;11 doi: 10.3390/v11010059. pii: E59. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Graham RL, Donaldson EF, Baric RS. A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013;11:836–848. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Zumla A, Hui DS, Perlman S. Middle East respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2015;386:995–1007. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60454-8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
- The Lens - Patent Citations Database
Miscellaneous
- NCI CPTAC Assay Portal

[1] Banerjee A, Kulcsar K, Misra V, Frieman M, Mossman K. Bats and coronaviruses. Viruses. 2019;11 doi: 10.3390/v11010041. pii: E41. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Banerjee A, Kulcsar K, Misra V, Frieman M, Mossman K. Bats and coronaviruses. Viruses. 2019;11 doi: 10.3390/v11010041. pii: E41. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Yang D, Leibowitz JL. The structure and functions of coronavirus genomic 3′ and 5′ ends. Virus Res. 2015;206:120–133. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.02.025. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Yang D, Leibowitz JL. The structure and functions of coronavirus genomic 3′ and 5′ ends. Virus Res. 2015;206:120–133. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.02.025. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Song Z, Xu Y, Bao L, Zhang L, Yu P, Qu Y. From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight. Viruses. 2019;11 doi: 10.3390/v11010059. pii: E59. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Song Z, Xu Y, Bao L, Zhang L, Yu P, Qu Y. From SARS to MERS, thrusting coronaviruses into the spotlight. Viruses. 2019;11 doi: 10.3390/v11010059. pii: E59. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Graham RL, Donaldson EF, Baric RS. A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013;11:836–848. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Graham RL, Donaldson EF, Baric RS. A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013;11:836–848. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Zumla A, Hui DS, Perlman S. Middle East respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2015;386:995–1007. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60454-8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Zumla A, Hui DS, Perlman S. Middle East respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2015;386:995–1007. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60454-8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current status and future perspectives

Affiliations

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current status and future perspectives

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Miscellaneous