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Review
. 2020 Apr;92(4):418-423.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.25681. Epub 2020 Feb 7.

Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis

Yu Chen  1 , Qianyun Liu  1 , Deyin Guo  2
Affiliations
Review

Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis

Yu Chen et al. J Med Virol. 2020 Apr.

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Abstract

The recent emergence of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which is causing an outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia in patients in Wuhan, a central city in China, is another warning of the risk of CoVs posed to public health. In this minireview, we provide a brief introduction of the general features of CoVs and describe diseases caused by different CoVs in humans and animals. This review will help understand the biology and potential risk of CoVs that exist in richness in wildlife such as bats.

Keywords: coronavirus; epidemiology; pathogenesis; respiratory tract; virus classification; zoonoses.

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Figure 1
Figure 1
The genomic structure and phylogenetic tree of coronaviruses. A, The phylogenetic tree of representative CoVs, with the new coronavirus 2019‐nCoV highlighted in red. B, The genome structure of four genera of coronaviruses. Pp1a and pp1b represent the two long polypeptides that are processed into 16 nonstructural proteins. S, E, M, and N indicate the four structural proteins spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid. 2019‐nCoV, 2019 novel coronavirus; CoVs, coronavirus; HE, hemagglutinin‐esterase. Viral names: HKU, coronaviruses identified by Hong Kong University; HCoV, human coronavirus; IBV, infectious bronchitis virus; MHV, murine hepatitis virus; TGEV, transmissible gastroenteritis virus
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