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. 2019 Oct:152:212-224.
doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.024. Epub 2019 Jul 24.

Reflex arc recovery after spinal cord dorsal root repair with platelet rich plasma (PRP)

Mateus Vidigal de Castro  1 , Moníze Valéria Ramos da Silva  1 , Gabriela Bortolança Chiarotto  2 , Bruno Bosh Volpe  3 , Maria Helena Santana  4 , Ângela Cristina Malheiros Luzo  5 , Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira  6
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Reflex arc recovery after spinal cord dorsal root repair with platelet rich plasma (PRP)

Mateus Vidigal de Castro et al. Brain Res Bull. 2019 Oct.

Abstract

Spinal dorsal roots can be affected by a wide range of lesions, leading to a significant loss of proprioceptive information transmission and greatly affecting motor behavior. In this context, the reimplantation of lesioned roots with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may allow nerve regeneration. Therefore, the present study evaluated sensorimotor improvement following dorsal root rhizotomy and repair with PRP. For this purpose, female Lewis rats were subjected to unilateral rhizotomy (RZ) of the L4-L6 dorsal roots and divided into the following groups: (1) the unlesioned control group; (2) the group that underwent rhizotomy (RZ) without repair; and (3) the group that underwent RZ followed by root repair with PRP. PRP was obtained from human blood and characterized regarding platelet concentration, integrity, and viability. Reflex arc recovery was evaluated weekly for eight weeks by the electronic von Frey method. The spinal cords were processed 1 week postlesion to evaluate the in vivo gene expression of TNFα, TGF-β, BDNF, GDNF, VEGF, NGF, IL-4, IL-6, IL-13 by qRT-PCR and eight weeks postlesion to evaluate changes in the glial response (GFAP and Iba-1) and excitatory synaptic circuits (VGLUT1) by immunofluorescence. The results indicated that PRP therapy partially restores the paw withdrawal reflex over time, indicating the reentry of primary afferents from the dorsal root ganglia into the spinal cord without exacerbating glial reactivity. Additionally, the analysis of mRNA levels showed that PRP therapy has immunomodulatory properties. Overall, the present data suggest that the repair of dorsal roots with PRP may be considered a promising approach to improve sensorimotor recovery following dorsal rhizotomy.

Keywords: Dorsal rhizotomy; Motor behavior; Platelet-rich plasma; Sensory recovery; Spinal dorsal roots.

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