Effects of Carbon Quantum Dots on Aquatic Environments: Comparison of Toxicity to Organisms at Different Trophic Levels

doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b04235

. 2018 Dec 18;52(24):14445-14451.

doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04235. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Effects of Carbon Quantum Dots on Aquatic Environments: Comparison of Toxicity to Organisms at Different Trophic Levels

Kun Yao^{1

2}, Xiaohui Lv², Guangqiang Zheng^{1

2}, Zuohong Chen², Yuelu Jiang², Xiaoshan Zhu², Zhenyu Wang^{3

4}, Zhonghua Cai²

Affiliations

¹ School of Environmental Science and Engineering , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510000 , P.R. China.
² Graduate School at Shenzhen , Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055 , P.R. China.
³ College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266100 , China.
⁴ Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control and the School of Environmental and Civil Engineering , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China.

PMID: 30486644
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04235

Effects of Carbon Quantum Dots on Aquatic Environments: Comparison of Toxicity to Organisms at Different Trophic Levels

Kun Yao et al. Environ Sci Technol. 2018.

. 2018 Dec 18;52(24):14445-14451.

doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04235. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Authors

Kun Yao^{1

2}, Xiaohui Lv², Guangqiang Zheng^{1

2}, Zuohong Chen², Yuelu Jiang², Xiaoshan Zhu², Zhenyu Wang^{3

4}, Zhonghua Cai²

Affiliations

¹ School of Environmental Science and Engineering , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510000 , P.R. China.
² Graduate School at Shenzhen , Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055 , P.R. China.
³ College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266100 , China.
⁴ Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control and the School of Environmental and Civil Engineering , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China.

PMID: 30486644
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04235

Abstract

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have high hydrophilicity, high cell permeability, and are frequently used in water-based and biorelated applications, yet studies concerning the ecological risks of CQDs in aquatic environments are largely insufficient. In the present study, the toxicity of CQDs to zebrafish ( Danio rerio), zooplankton ( Daphnia magna), and phytoplankton ( Scenedesmus obliquus) were assessed for the first time. The results indicated that CQDs (up to 200 mg/L) could be depurated by D. rerio with negligible toxicity. In comparison, CQDs induced mortality and immobility in D. magna with a 48-h EC₅₀ value and LC₅₀ value of 97.5 and 160.3 mg/L, respectively. In S. obliquus, CQDs inhibited photosynthesis and nutrition absorption in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the growth of algae was also inhibited with a 96-h EC₅₀ value of 74.8 mg/L, suggesting that S. obliquus, the lowest trophic level in this study, was most sensitive to CQDs exposure. Further investigations revealed that CQDs induced an increase in oxidative stress in algae cells and a decrease in pH value of an algae medium, indicating that oxidative stress and water acidification may be the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of CQDs to S. obliquus.

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Effects of Carbon Quantum Dots on Aquatic Environments: Comparison of Toxicity to Organisms at Different Trophic Levels

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Effects of Carbon Quantum Dots on Aquatic Environments: Comparison of Toxicity to Organisms at Different Trophic Levels

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