Impact of HIV-1 Envelope Conformation on ADCC Responses
- PMID: 29162391
- DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.10.007
Impact of HIV-1 Envelope Conformation on ADCC Responses
Abstract
HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) represent the only virus-specific antigen exposed at the surface of infected cells. In its unliganded form, Env from primary viruses samples a 'closed' conformation (State 1), which is preferentially recognized by broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). CD4 engagement drives Env into an intermediate 'partially open' (State 2) and then into the 'open' CD4-bound conformation (State 3). Emerging evidence suggests a link between Env conformation and Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). HIV-1-infected cells exposing Env in the CD4-bound conformation are susceptible to ADCC mediated by CD4-induced Abs and HIV+sera. Cells exposing State 1 Env are susceptible to ADCC mediated by bNAbs. Here, we discuss how Env conformation affects ADCC responses and in vitro measurements.
Keywords: ADCC; CD4; HIV-1; Nef; Vpu; envelope glycoproteins.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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