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Review
. 2016 Aug:19:45-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.06.012. Epub 2016 Jul 18.

Activation of cellular metabolism during latent Kaposi's Sarcoma herpesvirus infection

Michael Lagunoff  1
Affiliations
Review

Activation of cellular metabolism during latent Kaposi's Sarcoma herpesvirus infection

Michael Lagunoff. Curr Opin Virol. 2016 Aug.

Abstract

Herpesviruses can establish latent infections in the host with severely limited viral gene expression. Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is found predominantly in the latent state in the main KS tumor cell, a cell of endothelial origin. While many viruses alter host cell metabolism during productive infection, latent KSHV infection of endothelial cells activates metabolic pathways that are activated in many cancer cells. Inhibition of these major metabolic pathways leads to apoptotic cell death of the latently infected cells. The study of KSHV activation of metabolism may lead to novel therapeutic options for eliminating latent infection of gamma-herpesviruses and could also lead to a deeper mechanistic understanding of how to target cancer cell metabolism.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Depiction of the three major metabolic pathways, glycolysis, glutaminolysis and fatty acid synthesis, that are altered in many cancer cells and by latent KSHV infection
A subset of key metabolites in the three major metabolic pathways and the TCA cycle are shown in blue. During latency, KSHV activates all three major pathways at points indicated by red arrows and inhibits oxidative phosphorylation. Chemical inhibition of the metabolic enzymes shown in light blue has been shown to lead to cell death in latently infected endothelial cells.
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