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Review
. 2017 Jan;14(1):65-79.
doi: 10.1038/cmi.2016.29. Epub 2016 Jun 27.

Post-translational regulation of inflammasomes

Jie Yang  1   2 , Zhonghua Liu  1 , Tsan Sam Xiao  1
Affiliations
Review

Post-translational regulation of inflammasomes

Jie Yang et al. Cell Mol Immunol. 2017 Jan.

Abstract

Inflammasomes play essential roles in immune protection against microbial infections. However, excessive inflammation is implicated in various human diseases, including autoinflammatory syndromes, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, precise regulation of inflammasome activities is critical for adequate immune protection while limiting collateral tissue damage. In this review, we focus on the emerging roles of post-translational modifications (PTMs) that regulate activation of the NLRP3, NLRP1, NLRC4, AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes. We anticipate that these types of PTMs will be identified in other types of and less well-characterized inflammasomes. Because these highly diverse and versatile PTMs shape distinct inflammatory responses in response to infections and tissue damage, targeting the enzymes involved in these PTMs will undoubtedly offer opportunities for precise modulation of inflammasome activities under various pathophysiological conditions.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Combinatorial post-translational modifications regulate inflammasomes. Phosphorylation, ubiquitination, de-ubiquitination, proteolytic processing, S-nitrosylation and ADP-ribosylation are indicated according to the keys in the lower left corner. The PTMs that promote activation of inflammasomes are shown as black arrows, whereas those that suppress inflammasome activation are shown as red blocks.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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