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. 1989 May;63(5):2361-5.
doi: 10.1128/JVI.63.5.2361-2365.1989.

Cell-to-cell transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the presence of azidothymidine and neutralizing antibody

P Gupta  1 , R Balachandran, M Ho, A Enrico, C Rinaldo
Affiliations

Cell-to-cell transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the presence of azidothymidine and neutralizing antibody

P Gupta et al. J Virol. 1989 May.

Abstract

Very few peripheral blood lymphocytes of seropositive individuals are presumably actively infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). During coculture of lymphocytes of a seropositive individual with mitogen-stimulated normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, the number of infected cells becomes amplified such that detectable HIV-1 is produced. We report here that in addition to transmission by extracellular virus, cell-to-cell transmission is responsible for spreading HIV-1 infection from infected to uninfected cells. Azidothymidine and virus-neutralizing antibody had no effect on cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1. Monoclonal antibodies to the CD4 receptor, but not to the CD3 receptor, prevented cell-to-cell transmission, which suggests that CD4 receptor-mediated cell fusion is involved in cell-to-cell transmission. Spread of infection in a cell-to-cell manner may be important in development of drug therapies for HIV-1 infection.

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