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. 2016 Jan;111(1):20-9.
doi: 10.1590/0074-02760150270.

Mayaro virus and dengue virus 1 and 4 natural infection in culicids from Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Otacília Pereira Serra  1 , Belgath Fernandes Cardoso  1 , Ana Lúcia Maria Ribeiro  1 , Fábio Alexandre Leal dos Santos  1 , Renata Dezengrini Slhessarenko  1
Affiliations

Mayaro virus and dengue virus 1 and 4 natural infection in culicids from Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Otacília Pereira Serra et al. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2016 Jan.

Abstract

This study aimed to verify the diversity of Culicidae species and their frequency of infection with flaviviruses and alphaviruses in Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Mosquitoes were captured with Nasci aspirators and hand net in 200 census tracts, identified alive at species level and pooled in one-20 (11,090 mosquitoes, 14 species). Female pools (n = 610) were subjected to multiplex seminested-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for 11 flavivirus and five alphavirus. Positive pools were tested by single RT-PCR followed by nucleotide sequencing, by RT-PCR for E1 gene [Mayaro virus (MAYV)] and by inoculation in Vero cells (MAYV) or C6/36 cells (flaviviruses). One/171 Aedes aegypti was positive for dengue virus (DENV)-1, 12/403 Culex quinquefasciatus, and four/171Ae. aegypti for MAYV, which was isolated from two pools containing two nonengorged females of Ae. aegypti and two of Cx. quinquefasciatus. DENV-4 was detected in 58/171 pools of Ae. aegytpi, 105/403 Cx. quinquefasciatus, two/five Psorophora sp., two/11 Psorophora varipes/Psorophora albigenu, one/one Sabethes chloropterus, two/five Culex bidens/Culex interfor, and one/one Aedes sp. DENV-4 was isolated from two pools containing three and 16 nonengorged Cx. quinquefasciatus females. Phylogenetic analysis revealed MAYV belongs to genotype L, clustering with human samples of the virus previously identified in the city. Cuiabá has biodiversity and ecosystem favourable for vector proliferation, representing a risk for arbovirus outbreaks.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. : distribution of adult culicid female pools positive for dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1), DENV-4, and for Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) (1A) and Mayaro virus (1B) in urban sectors of the city of Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. : phylogenetic analysis of Mayaro virus (MAYV) nsP1gene partial sequences identified in culicids captured in the urban area of Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, in comparison with reference sequences obtained through GenBank (National Center for Biotechnology Information). Tree was generated by neighbour-joining method and Tamura-Nei distance method, 1,000 bootstrap replicates. Outgroup consisted of Trocara virus (TROV), eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Sequences identified in this study are in bold.
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