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Review
. 2015 Sep 10;29(14):1733-43.
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000812.

Impact of TRIM5α in vivo

Emi E Nakayama  1 , Tatsuo Shioda
Affiliations
Review

Impact of TRIM5α in vivo

Emi E Nakayama et al. AIDS. .

Abstract

HIV type 1 (HIV-1) has a very narrow host range that is limited to humans and chimpanzees. HIV-1 cannot replicate well in Old World monkey cells such as rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. Tripartite motif (TRIM)5α is a key molecule that confers potent resistance against HIV-1 infection and is composed of really interesting new gene, B-box2, coiled-coil and PRYSPRY domains. Interaction between TRIM5α PRYSPRY domains and HIV-1 capsid core triggers the anti-HIV-1 activity of TRIM5α. Analysis of natural HIV variants and extensive mutational experiments has revealed the presence of critical amino acid residues in both the PRYSPRY domain and HIV capsid for potent HIV suppression by TRIM5α. Genetic manipulation of the human TRIM5 gene could establish human cells totally resistant to HIV-1, which may lead to a cure for HIV-1 infection in the future.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Diversity of TRIM5 genes.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Proposed models of TRIM5α/TRIMCyp restriction.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
HIV-2/simian immunodeficiency virus capsid sequence variations and restriction patterns of rhesus and cynomolgus monkey TRIM5α/TRIMCyp alleles.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Structure of the N-terminal half of HIV-1 capsid monomer.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in human TRIM5α.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Structure models of the HIV-2 GH123 CA hexamer.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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