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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2015 Jun 28;113(12):1853-61.
doi: 10.1017/S0007114515000677. Epub 2015 May 20.

Inflammatory and metabolic responses to high-fat meals with and without dairy products in men

Alexandra Schmid  1 , Nicolai Petry  1 , Barbara Walther  1 , Ueli Bütikofer  1 , Werner Luginbühl  2 , Doreen Gille  1 , Magali Chollet  1 , Philip G McTernan  3 , Martin A M Gijs  4 , Nathalie Vionnet  5 , François P Pralong  5 , Kurt Laederach  6 , Guy Vergères  1
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Inflammatory and metabolic responses to high-fat meals with and without dairy products in men

Alexandra Schmid et al. Br J Nutr. .

Abstract

Postprandial inflammation is an important factor for human health since chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with chronic diseases. Dairy products have a weak but significant anti-inflammatory effect on postprandial inflammation. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of a high-fat dairy meal (HFD meal), a high-fat non-dairy meal supplemented with milk (HFM meal) and a high-fat non-dairy control meal (HFC meal) on postprandial inflammatory and metabolic responses in healthy men. A cross-over study was conducted in nineteen male subjects. Blood samples were collected before and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after consumption of the test meals. Plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, TAG and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at each time point. IL-6, TNF-α and endotoxin concentrations were assessed at baseline and endpoint (6 h). Time-dependent curves of these metabolic parameters were plotted, and the net incremental AUC were found to be significantly higher for TAG and lower for CRP after consumption of the HFM meal compared with the HFD meal; however, the HFM and HFD meals were not different from the HFC meal. Alterations in IL-6, TNF-α and endotoxin concentrations were not significantly different between the test meals. The results suggest that full-fat milk and dairy products (cheese and butter) have no significant impact on the inflammatory response to a high-fat meal.

Keywords: Cross-over studies; Dairy products; High-fat diet; Inflammation; Metabolism; Postprandial responses.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Postprandial changes in the investigated metabolic parameters (glucose (a), insulin (b), total cholesterol (c), TAG (d), LDL-cholesterol (e), HDL-cholesterol (f) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (g)) after the three meals. Postprandial kinetics of healthy male subjects in response to the ingestion of a high-fat non-dairy control meal (–♦–), a high-fat dairy meal (- -■- -) and a high-fat non-dairy meal supplemented with milk (–▲–). Values are means, with their standard errors represented by vertical bars. To convert insulin in mU/l to pmol/l, multiply by 6·945.
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