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. 2015 Apr 10;64(13):337-42.

Sustained decrease in laboratory detection of rotavirus after implementation of routine vaccination—United States, 2000-2014

Negar Aliabadi, Jacqueline E Tate, Amber K Haynes, Umesh D Parashar; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Sustained decrease in laboratory detection of rotavirus after implementation of routine vaccination—United States, 2000-2014

Negar Aliabadi et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. .

Abstract

Rotavirus infection is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis among infants and young children worldwide. Before the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in the United States in 2006, rotavirus infection caused significant morbidity among U.S. children, with an estimated 55,000-70,000 hospitalizations and 410,000 clinic visits annually. The disease showed a characteristic winter-spring seasonality and geographic pattern, with annual seasonal activity beginning in the West during December-January, extending across the country, and ending in the Northeast during April-May. To characterize changes in rotavirus disease trends and seasonality following introduction of rotavirus vaccines in the United States, CDC compared data from CDC's National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS), a passive laboratory reporting system, for prevaccine (2000-2006) and postvaccine (2007-2014) years. National declines in rotavirus detection were noted, ranging from 57.8%-89.9% in each of the 7 postvaccine years compared with all 7 prevaccine years combined. A biennial pattern of rotavirus activity emerged in the postvaccine era, with years of low activity and highly erratic seasonality alternating with years of moderately increased activity and seasonality similar to that seen in the prevaccine era. These results demonstrate the substantial and sustained effect of rotavirus vaccine in reducing the circulation and changing the epidemiology of rotavirus among U.S. children.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Rotavirus season duration and peak activity by reporting years (prevaccine 2000–2006 and postvaccine 2007–2011), NREVSS data — United States, 2000–2014 * Dashed line indicates the 10% threshold of numbers of positive test results, which is used to determine onset and offset of a rotavirus season.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Total and positive rotavirus tests, NREVSS data — United States, 2000–2014
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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