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. 2014 Sep;20(9):1498-503.
doi: 10.3201/eid2009.140142.

Passive surveillance for azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, United States, 2011-2013

Cau D Pham, Errol Reiss, Ferry Hagen, Jacques F Meis, Shawn R Lockhart

Passive surveillance for azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, United States, 2011-2013

Cau D Pham et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Emergence of Aspergillus fumigatus strains containing mutations that lead to azole resistance has become a serious public health threat in many countries. Nucleotide polymorphisms leading to amino acid substitutions in the lanosterol demethylase gene (cyp51A) are associated with reduced susceptibility to azole drugs. The most widely recognized mutation is a lysine to histidine substitution at aa 98 (L98H) and a duplication of the untranscribed promoter region, together known as TR34/L98H. This mechanism of resistance has been reported in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, and is associated with resistance to all azole drugs and subsequent treatment failures. To determine whether isolates with this mutation are spreading into the United States, we conducted a passive surveillance-based study of 1,026 clinical isolates of A. fumigatus from 22 US states during 2011-2013. No isolates harboring the TR34/L98H mutation were detected, and MICs of itraconazole were generally low.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates, United States, 2011–2013. A total of 1,026 clinical isolates were received from 22 states during October 2011–October 2013.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Itraconazole susceptibility profile for Aspergillus fumigatus isolates, United States, 2011–2013. The MIC (μg/mL) required by each isolate was determined by using the Etest method. Approximately 5% of the isolates require an MIC higher than the established epidemiologic cutoff value of 1 μg/mL.
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