Television viewing and time spent sedentary in relation to cancer risk: a meta-analysis
- PMID: 24935969
- DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju098
Television viewing and time spent sedentary in relation to cancer risk: a meta-analysis
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior is emerging as an independent risk factor for chronic disease and mortality. However, the evidence relating television (TV) viewing and other sedentary behaviors to cancer risk has not been quantitatively summarized.
Methods: We performed a comprehensive electronic literature search in Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, and SciSearch databases through February 2014 for published articles investigating sedentary behavior in relation to cancer incidence. Because randomized controlled trials are difficult to perform on this topic, we focused on observational studies that met uniform inclusion criteria. Data were extracted independently by both authors and summarized using random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. All statistical tests were two-sided.
Results: Data from 43 observational studies including a total of 68936 cancer cases were analyzed. Comparing the highest vs lowest levels of sedentary time, the relative risks (RRs) for colon cancer were 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19 to 1.98) for TV viewing time, 1.24 (95% CI = 1.09 to 1.41) for occupational sitting time, and 1.24 (95% CI = 1.03 to 1.50) for total sitting time. For endometrial cancer, the relative risks were 1.66 (95% CI = 1.21 to 2.28) for TV viewing time and 1.32 (95% CI = 1.08 to 1.61) for total sitting time. A positive association with overall sedentary behavior was also noted for lung cancer (RR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.43). Sedentary behavior was unrelated to cancers of the breast, rectum, ovaries, prostate, stomach, esophagus, testes, renal cell, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Conclusions: Prolonged TV viewing and time spent in other sedentary pursuits is associated with increased risks of certain types of cancer.
© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
Comment in
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An active lifestyle for cancer prevention.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 Jun 16;106(7):dju135. doi: 10.1093/jnci/dju135. Print 2014 Jul. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014. PMID: 24935970 No abstract available.
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Re: television viewing and time spent sedentary in relation to cancer risk: a meta-analysis.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 Sep 30;106(11):dju303. doi: 10.1093/jnci/dju303. Print 2014 Nov. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014. PMID: 25269701 No abstract available.
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Response.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 Sep 30;106(11):dju304. doi: 10.1093/jnci/dju304. Print 2014 Nov. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014. PMID: 25269702 No abstract available.
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