COX-2-derived endocannabinoid metabolites as novel inflammatory mediators
- PMID: 24684963
- DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.03.001
COX-2-derived endocannabinoid metabolites as novel inflammatory mediators
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that plays a key role in inflammatory processes. Classically, this enzyme is upregulated in inflammatory situations and is responsible for the generation of prostaglandins (PGs) from arachidonic acid (AA). One lesser-known property of COX-2 is its ability to metabolize the endocannabinoids, N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Endocannabinoid metabolism by COX-2 is not merely a means to terminate their actions. On the contrary, it generates PG analogs, namely PG-glycerol esters (PG-G) for 2-AG and PG-ethanolamides (PG-EA or prostamides) for AEA. Although the formation of these COX-2-derived metabolites of the endocannabinoids has been known for a while, their biological effects remain to be fully elucidated. Recently, several studies have focused on the role of these PG-G or PG-EA in vivo. In this review we take a closer look at the literature concerning these novel bioactive lipids and their role in inflammation.
Keywords: FAAH; MAGL; anandamide; cannabinoid; prostaglandin synthase; prostanoid.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
-
Anandamide and decidual remodelling: COX-2 oxidative metabolism as a key regulator.Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Nov;1851(11):1473-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.08.011. Epub 2015 Sep 1. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015. PMID: 26335727
-
Endocannabinoid and Prostanoid Crosstalk in Pain.Trends Mol Med. 2019 Oct;25(10):882-896. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.04.009. Epub 2019 May 31. Trends Mol Med. 2019. PMID: 31160168 Review.
-
Assay of Endocannabinoid Oxidation by Cyclooxygenase-2.Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1412:205-15. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3539-0_21. Methods Mol Biol. 2016. PMID: 27245906 Free PMC article.
-
Metabolism of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol and anandamide, into prostaglandin, thromboxane, and prostacyclin glycerol esters and ethanolamides.J Biol Chem. 2002 Nov 22;277(47):44877-85. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M206788200. Epub 2002 Sep 19. J Biol Chem. 2002. PMID: 12244105
-
Endocannabinoids and their oxygenation by cyclo-oxygenases, lipoxygenases and other oxygenases.Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Apr;1851(4):366-76. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.12.015. Epub 2014 Dec 24. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015. PMID: 25543004 Review.
Cited by
-
Design and synthesis of novel prostaglandin E2 ethanolamide and glycerol ester probes for the putative prostamide receptor(s).Tetrahedron Lett. 2015 Mar 11;56(11):1411-1415. doi: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.164. Tetrahedron Lett. 2015. PMID: 25960577 Free PMC article.
-
Pharmacognosy and Effects of Cannabinoids in the Vascular System.ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2022 Oct 28;5(11):1034-1049. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00141. eCollection 2022 Nov 11. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2022. PMID: 36407955 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Novel tail and head group prostamide probes.Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015 Mar 15;25(6):1228-31. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.01.064. Epub 2015 Feb 4. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015. PMID: 25701254 Free PMC article.
-
Redox Imbalance and Its Metabolic Consequences in Tick-Borne Diseases.Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jul 22;12:870398. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.870398. eCollection 2022. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022. PMID: 35937690 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Effects of orthotopic implantation of rat prostate tumour cells upon components of the N-acylethanolamine and monoacylglycerol signalling systems: an mRNA study.Sci Rep. 2020 Apr 14;10(1):6314. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63198-y. Sci Rep. 2020. PMID: 32286386 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Research Materials
