[Effect of early nutritional intervention in the a outcome of patients at risk clinical nutrition]
- PMID: 24528364
- DOI: 10.3305/nh.2014.29.2.7060
[Effect of early nutritional intervention in the a outcome of patients at risk clinical nutrition]
Abstract
Introduction: Hospital malnutrition is a multi-causal process and high prevalence. Nutritional intervention at an early stage improves prognosis of affected patients.
Objective: To compare the effect of early nutritional intervention with a routine care on clinical outcome in patients with detected nutritional risk screening tool NRS Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, entering an institution of complex health.
Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental study. Was assessed in the first 48 hours of admission to 891 patients, of whom 247 were at nutritional risk, 116 were the routine care group and 54 the intervention group. We evaluated complications, hospital stay, weight loss, change in body mass index and protein-calorie adequacy.
Results: Patients undergoing caloric intake had higher (1617 ± 444.5 vs 1366 ± 467.1 kcal, p = 0.002) and protein (1.2 ± 0.2 vs 0.9 ± 0.3 g, p = 0.000), average weight gain of 0.7% vs a loss of 2.3% (p = 0.000), a proportion of moderate complications 8.2% vs 25.2% (p = 0.012) and decreased time hospital stay of 2.2 days (p = 0.138) compared with routine care group.
Conclusion: Early nutritional intervention in patients at nutritional risk decreased the proportion of moderate complications, improved the adequacy of energy, protein and nutritional evolution in terms of weight gain and change in BMI. The length of stay did not differ significantly.
Introducción: La desnutrición hospitalaria es un proceso multicausal y de alta prevalencia. La intervención nutricional en una etapa temprana mejora el pronóstico de los pacientes afectados. Objetivo: Comparar el efecto de una intervención nutricional temprana con el de una atención de rutina, sobre el resultado clínico, en pacientes con riesgo nutricional, detectados con la herramienta de cribado Nutritional Risk Screening NRS 2002, que ingresan a una institución de salud de alta complejidad. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental. Se evaluó en las primeras 48 horas de admisión a 891 pacientes, de los cuales 247 estaban en riesgo nutricional, 116 constituyeron el grupo con atención de rutina y 54 el grupo intervenido. Se evaluaron las complicaciones, días de estancia hospitalaria, pérdida de peso, cambio de índice de masa corporal y adecuación proteico-calórica. Resultados: Los pacientes intervenidos presentaron mayor consumo calórico (1617 ± 444,5 vs 1366 ± 467,1 kilocalorías, p = 0,002) y proteico (1,2 ± 0,2 vs 0,9 ± 0,3 g, p = 0,000), una ganancia de peso promedio de 0,7% vs una pérdida de 2.3% (p = 0,000), una proporción de complicaciones moderadas del 8,2% vs 25,2% (p = 0,012) y una reducción del tiempo de estancia hospitalaria de 2,2 días (p = 0,138), en comparación con el grupo con atención de rutina. Conclusión: La intervención nutricional temprana en los pacientes en riesgo nutricional, disminuyó la proporción de complicaciones moderadas, mejoró la adecuación de energía, proteína y la evolución nutricional en términos de ganancia de peso y cambio de IMC. Los días de estancia no mostraron diferencias significativas.
Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.
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