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. 2012 Nov 19;30(49):7097-104.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.040. Epub 2012 Sep 28.

The potential economic value of a human norovirus vaccine for the United States

Sarah M Bartsch  1 , Benjamin A Lopman, Aron J Hall, Umesh D Parashar, Bruce Y Lee
Affiliations

The potential economic value of a human norovirus vaccine for the United States

Sarah M Bartsch et al. Vaccine. .

Abstract

Vaccines against human norovirus are currently under development. We developed a simulation model to determine their potential economic value. Vaccination prevented 100-6125 norovirus gastroenteritis cases per 10,000 vaccinees. Low vaccine cost (≤$50) garnered cost-savings and a more expensive vaccine led to costs per case averted comparable to other vaccines. In the US, vaccination could avert approximately 1.0-2.2 million cases (efficacy 50%, 12 month duration), costing an additional $400 million to $1.0 billion, but could save ≤$2.1 billion (48 month duration). Human norovirus vaccination can offer economic value while averting clinical outcomes, depending on price, efficacy, and protection duration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors are not aware of any significant conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
General Flow of Individuals in the Markov Model
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cost per Norovirus Gastroenteritis Episode Averted by Vaccination A) for a Vaccine Efficacy of 50%, Cost $25; B) for a Vaccine Efficacy of 50%, Cost $50; C) for a Vaccine Efficacy of 50%, Cost $75; D) for a Vaccine Efficacy of 75%, Cost $25; E) for a Vaccine Efficacy of 75%, Cost $50; F) for a Vaccine Efficacy of 75%, Cost $75
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