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Review
. 2012 Sep 7;287(37):30906-13.
doi: 10.1074/jbc.R111.324962. Epub 2012 Sep 5.

Genome-wide studies of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and cohesin provide insight into chromatin structure and regulation

Bum-Kyu Lee  1 , Vishwanath R Iyer
Affiliations
Review

Genome-wide studies of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and cohesin provide insight into chromatin structure and regulation

Bum-Kyu Lee et al. J Biol Chem. .

Abstract

Eukaryotic genomes are organized into higher order chromatin architectures by protein-mediated long-range interactions in the nucleus. CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), a sequence-specific transcription factor, serves as a chromatin organizer in building this complex chromatin structure by linking chromosomal domains. Recent genome-wide studies mapping the binding sites of CTCF and its interacting partner, cohesin, using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) revealded that CTCF globally co-localizes with cohesin. This partnership between CTCF and cohesin is emerging as a novel and perhaps pivotal aspect of gene regulatory mechanisms, in addition to playing a role in the organization of higher order chromatin architecture.

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Figures

FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 1.
Overview of CTCF and cohesin function. The realms of function of CTCF and cohesin partially overlap, and some of these functions also involve DNA looping. Distinct combinations of these factors and DNA looping are observed at different locations and conditions in cells. Maternally and paternally inherited chromosomes are indicated by appropriate symbols under Imprinting. Although this view is partly speculative, experimental evidence exists for many aspects of CTCF and cohesin function. 3′CBE, 3′-CTCF-binding element; TFs, transcription factors.
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