Quantitative measurement of invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix proteolysis in single and multicellular contexts
- PMID: 22952016
- PMCID: PMC3606055
- DOI: 10.3791/4119
Quantitative measurement of invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix proteolysis in single and multicellular contexts
Abstract
Cellular invasion into local tissues is a process important in development and homeostasis. Malregulated invasion and subsequent cell movement is characteristic of multiple pathological processes, including inflammation, cardiovascular disease and tumor cell metastasis. Focalized proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the epithelial or endothelial basement membrane is a critical step in initiating cellular invasion. In tumor cells, extensive in vitro analysis has determined that ECM degradation is accomplished by ventral actin-rich membrane protrusive structures termed invadopodia. Invadopodia form in close apposition to the ECM, where they moderate ECM breakdown through the action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The ability of tumor cells to form invadopodia directly correlates with the ability to invade into local stroma and associated vascular components. Visualization of invadopodia-mediated ECM degradation of cells by fluorescent microscopy using dye-labeled matrix proteins coated onto glass coverslips has emerged as the most prevalent technique for evaluating the degree of matrix proteolysis and cellular invasive potential. Here we describe a version of the standard method for generating fluorescently-labeled glass coverslips utilizing a commercially available Oregon Green-488 gelatin conjugate. This method is easily scaled to rapidly produce large numbers of coated coverslips. We show some of the common microscopic artifacts that are often encountered during this procedure and how these can be avoided. Finally, we describe standardized methods using readily available computer software to allow quantification of labeled gelatin matrix degradation mediated by individual cells and by entire cellular populations. The described procedures provide the ability to accurately and reproducibly monitor invadopodia activity, and can also serve as a platform for evaluating the efficacy of modulating protein expression or testing of anti-invasive compounds on extracellular matrix degradation in single and multicellular settings.
Figures
Similar articles
-
Dynamin participates in focal extracellular matrix degradation by invasive cells.Mol Biol Cell. 2003 Mar;14(3):1074-84. doi: 10.1091/mbc.e02-05-0308. Mol Biol Cell. 2003. PMID: 12631724 Free PMC article.
-
Matrix Degradation Assay to Measure the Ability of Tumor Cells to Degrade Extracellular Matrix.Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2294:151-163. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1350-4_11. Methods Mol Biol. 2021. PMID: 33742400
-
Dynamic interactions of cortactin and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase at invadopodia: defining the stages of invadopodia formation and function.Cancer Res. 2006 Mar 15;66(6):3034-43. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2177. Cancer Res. 2006. PMID: 16540652
-
Pathological roles of invadopodia in cancer invasion and metastasis.Eur J Cell Biol. 2012 Nov-Dec;91(11-12):902-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2012.04.005. Epub 2012 Jun 2. Eur J Cell Biol. 2012. PMID: 22658792 Review.
-
The interplay between the proteolytic, invasive, and adhesive domains of invadopodia and their roles in cancer invasion.Cell Adh Migr. 2014;8(3):215-25. doi: 10.4161/cam.27842. Cell Adh Migr. 2014. PMID: 24714132 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
Sorting nexin 9 negatively regulates invadopodia formation and function in cancer cells.J Cell Sci. 2016 Jul 15;129(14):2804-16. doi: 10.1242/jcs.188045. Epub 2016 Jun 8. J Cell Sci. 2016. PMID: 27278018 Free PMC article.
-
BST-2 promotes survival in circulation and pulmonary metastatic seeding of breast cancer cells.Sci Rep. 2018 Dec 4;8(1):17608. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35710-y. Sci Rep. 2018. PMID: 30514852 Free PMC article.
-
Cortactin Phosphorylation by Casein Kinase 2 Regulates Actin-Related Protein 2/3 Complex Activity, Invadopodia Function, and Tumor Cell Invasion.Mol Cancer Res. 2019 Apr;17(4):987-1001. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-18-0391. Epub 2019 Jan 4. Mol Cancer Res. 2019. PMID: 30610108 Free PMC article.
-
Stress-activated MAPKs and CRM1 regulate the subcellular localization of Net1A to control cell motility and invasion.J Cell Sci. 2018 Feb 1;131(3):jcs204644. doi: 10.1242/jcs.204644. J Cell Sci. 2018. PMID: 29361525 Free PMC article.
-
The F-actin bundler SWAP-70 promotes tumor metastasis.Life Sci Alliance. 2024 May 17;7(8):e202302307. doi: 10.26508/lsa.202302307. Print 2024 Aug. Life Sci Alliance. 2024. PMID: 38760173 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Ridley AJ. Life at the leading edge. Cell. 2011;145:1012–1022. - PubMed
-
- Linder S, Wiesner C, Himmel M. Degrading Devices: Invadosomes in Proteolytic Cell Invasion. Annu. Rev. Cell. Dev. Biol. 2010. - PubMed
-
- Chen WT, Chen JM, Parsons SJ, Parsons JT. Local degradation of fibronectin at sites of expression of the transforming gene product pp60src. Nature. 1985;316:156–158. - PubMed
-
- Artym VV, Zhang Y, Seillier-Moiseiwitsch F, Yamada KM, Mueller SC. Dynamic interactions of cortactin and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase at invadopodia: defining the stages of invadopodia formation and function. Cancer Res. 2006;66:3034–3043. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources