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Review
. 2011 Nov 28:9:55.
doi: 10.1186/1477-3155-9-55.

Biodegradable nanoparticles are excellent vehicle for site directed in-vivo delivery of drugs and vaccines

Anil Mahapatro  1 , Dinesh K Singh
Affiliations
Review

Biodegradable nanoparticles are excellent vehicle for site directed in-vivo delivery of drugs and vaccines

Anil Mahapatro et al. J Nanobiotechnology. .

Abstract

Biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) are gaining increased attention for their ability to serve as a viable carrier for site specific delivery of vaccines, genes, drugs and other biomolecules in the body. They offer enhanced biocompatibility, superior drug/vaccine encapsulation, and convenient release profiles for a number of drugs, vaccines and biomolecules to be used in a variety of applications in the field of medicine. In this manuscript, the methods of preparation of biodegradable NPs, different factors affecting optimal drug encapsulation, factors affecting drug release rates, various surface modifications of nanoparticles to enhance in-vivo circulation, distribution and multimodal functionalities along with the specific applications such as tumor targeting, oral delivery, and delivery of these particles to the central nervous system have been reviewed.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Multifunctional nanoparticles. Multifunctional nanoparticles can combine a specific targeting agent (usually with an antibody or peptide) with nanoparticles for imaging (such as quantum dots or magnetic nanoparticles), a cell-penetrating agent (e.g., the polyArg peptide TAT), a stimulus-selective element for drug release, a stabilizing polymer to ensure biocompatibility polyethylene glycol most frequently), and the therapeutic compound. Development of novel strategies for controlled released of drugs will provide nanoparticles with the capability to deliver two or more therapeutic agents. Adapted from ref [9] Copyright 2009 Wiley interscience.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic representation of the emulsification-evaporation technique. Adapted from ref [10] Copyright 2006 Elsevier.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structure of PLGA. The suffixes x and y represent the number of lactic and glycolic acid respectively.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical structure of poly lactic acid (PLA).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chemical structure of Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Chemical structure of chitosan.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Chemical structure of Gelatin.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Chemical structure of Poly-alkyl-cyano-acrylates.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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