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Review
. 2011 Jun;12(6):492-9.
doi: 10.1038/ni.2035.

T cell exhaustion

E John Wherry  1
Affiliations
Review

T cell exhaustion

E John Wherry. Nat Immunol. 2011 Jun.

Abstract

T cell exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction that arises during many chronic infections and cancer. It is defined by poor effector function, sustained expression of inhibitory receptors and a transcriptional state distinct from that of functional effector or memory T cells. Exhaustion prevents optimal control of infection and tumors. Recently, a clearer picture of the functional and phenotypic profile of exhausted T cells has emerged and T cell exhaustion has been defined in many experimental and clinical settings. Although the pathways involved remain to be fully defined, advances in the molecular delineation of T cell exhaustion are clarifying the underlying causes of this state of differentiation and also suggest promising therapeutic opportunities.

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