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. 2010 Jun 18;328(5985):1529.
doi: 10.1126/science.1189132.

Reassortment of pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza A virus in swine

D Vijaykrishna  1 , L L M Poon, H C Zhu, S K Ma, O T W Li, C L Cheung, G J D Smith, J S M Peiris, Y Guan
Affiliations

Reassortment of pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza A virus in swine

D Vijaykrishna et al. Science. .

Abstract

The emergence of pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza demonstrated that pandemic viruses could be generated in swine. Subsequent reintroduction of H1N1/2009 to swine has occurred in multiple countries. Through systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in swine from a Hong Kong abattoir, we characterize a reassortant progeny of H1N1/2009 with swine viruses. Swine experimentally infected with this reassortant developed mild illness and transmitted infection to contact animals. Continued reassortment of H1N1/2009 with swine influenza viruses could produce variants with transmissibility and altered virulence for humans. Global systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in swine is warranted.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest. Sequence data generated from this study were deposited in GenBank with accession no. XXXXXX–XXXXXX.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Maximum likelihood phylogenies of the influenza (A) hemagglutinin and (B) neuraminidase genes showing major swine H1N1/H1N2 and H1N1/2009 lineages. * denotes phylogenetic position of the novel reassortant virus. Identical phylogenies with virus names shown are provided in fig. S1A, B. Bar represents nucleotide substitutions per site. (C) Lineages of reassortant swine viruses identified through phylogenetic analyses, with the name of a representative virus and number of each variant isolated listed to the left.
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