Environmental and genetic determinants of fatty liver in humans
- PMID: 20460907
- DOI: 10.1159/000282082
Environmental and genetic determinants of fatty liver in humans
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver represents one of the most prevalent conditions affecting about one third of the general population in the Western world, and its prevalence is continuously increasing parallel to the epidemics of obesity. Non-alcoholic fatty liver is a strong predictor of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, but also of cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, non-alcoholic fatty liver (in addition to overall and visceral obesity) has emerged as a risk factor for insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes the information currently available about the mechanisms involved in liver fat accumulation (e.g. hepatic lipid supply, de novo lipogenesis, lipid oxidation and the packaging and secretion of triglycerides in the form of very-low-density lipoproteins). New aspects concerning mechanisms potentially leading to a 'dissociation' of fatty liver and insulin resistance are also discussed. Understanding the pathogenesis of fatty liver and its complications, including the identification of new factors secreted from the liver under excess fat accumulation that are involved in the regulation of metabolism ('hepatokines'), is crucial in order to develop and implement efficient prevention and treatment strategies.
Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Similar articles
-
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathogenesis: the present and the future.Dig Liver Dis. 2009 Sep;41(9):615-25. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2009.01.004. Epub 2009 Feb 14. Dig Liver Dis. 2009. PMID: 19223251 Review.
-
Hepatic lipid metabolism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 May;19(4):291-302. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.12.015. Epub 2009 Apr 8. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009. PMID: 19359149 Review.
-
[Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver and potential therapeutic targets].Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Feb;27 Suppl 1:15-23. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004. PMID: 15195530 Review. Spanish. No abstract available.
-
Recent insights into hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Prog Lipid Res. 2009 Jan;48(1):1-26. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2008.08.001. Epub 2008 Sep 9. Prog Lipid Res. 2009. PMID: 18824034 Review.
-
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and metabolic syndrome.Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006 Sep;9(5):637-42. doi: 10.1097/01.mco.0000241677.40170.17. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006. PMID: 16912563 Review.
Cited by
-
Hog millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)-supplemented diet ameliorates hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation in C57BL/6J-ob/ob mice.Nutr Res Pract. 2011 Dec;5(6):511-9. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2011.5.6.511. Epub 2011 Dec 31. Nutr Res Pract. 2011. PMID: 22259675 Free PMC article.
-
Predictors of impaired glucose regulation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Exp Diabetes Res. 2012;2012:351974. doi: 10.1155/2012/351974. Epub 2011 Sep 21. Exp Diabetes Res. 2012. PMID: 21960993 Free PMC article.
-
Liver-specific expression of transcriptionally active SREBP-1c is associated with fatty liver and increased visceral fat mass.PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e31812. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031812. Epub 2012 Feb 21. PLoS One. 2012. PMID: 22363740 Free PMC article.
-
SIRT1-metabolite binding histone macroH2A1.1 protects hepatocytes against lipid accumulation.Aging (Albany NY). 2014 Jan;6(1):35-47. doi: 10.18632/aging.100632. Aging (Albany NY). 2014. PMID: 24473773 Free PMC article.
-
Immunopositivity for histone macroH2A1 isoforms marks steatosis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54458. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054458. Epub 2013 Jan 23. PLoS One. 2013. PMID: 23372727 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
