GRK mythology: G-protein receptor kinases in cardiovascular disease
- PMID: 19229505
- DOI: 10.1007/s00109-009-0450-7
GRK mythology: G-protein receptor kinases in cardiovascular disease
Abstract
G-protein receptor kinases (GRKs) are indispensable for terminating signaling of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) through receptor desensitization and downregulation. Increased neurohormone levels in heart failure and the adverse consequences of constant neurohormonal stimulation suggest an important protective role for mechanisms that desensitize neurohormone receptor responses. For that reason, GRK2, the first GRK identified in the heart, has been extensively studied in heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy, and myocardial infarction. However, our understanding of the roles of GRKs in general, and the differential effects of cardiac receptor phosphorylation by individual cardiac-expressed GRKs, have evolved considerably in the last few years. Here, recent developments are reviewed, with an emphasis on novel GRK functions and signaling pathways.
Similar articles
-
Selective recruitment of G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) controls signaling of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 1;109(18):7055-60. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1118359109. Epub 2012 Apr 16. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012. PMID: 22509025 Free PMC article.
-
G protein coupled receptor kinases as therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease.Circ Res. 2011 Jul 22;109(3):309-19. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.231233. Circ Res. 2011. PMID: 21778435 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Distinct phosphorylation sites on the β(2)-adrenergic receptor establish a barcode that encodes differential functions of β-arrestin.Sci Signal. 2011 Aug 9;4(185):ra51. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.2001707. Sci Signal. 2011. PMID: 21868357 Free PMC article.
-
Double life: How GRK2 and β-arrestin signaling participate in diseases.Cell Signal. 2022 Jun;94:110333. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110333. Epub 2022 Apr 14. Cell Signal. 2022. PMID: 35430346 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Chapter Three - Ubiquitination and Protein Turnover of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases in GPCR Signaling and Cellular Regulation.Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2016;141:85-140. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.04.002. Epub 2016 May 7. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2016. PMID: 27378756 Review.
Cited by
-
Gi-biased β2AR signaling links GRK2 upregulation to heart failure.Circ Res. 2012 Jan 20;110(2):265-74. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.253260. Epub 2011 Dec 15. Circ Res. 2012. PMID: 22179058 Free PMC article.
-
Role of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 in tumoral angiogenesis.Mol Cell Oncol. 2014 Nov 11;1(4):e969166. doi: 10.4161/23723548.2014.969166. eCollection 2014 Oct-Dec. Mol Cell Oncol. 2014. PMID: 27308373 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Emerging therapeutic targets for cardiac hypertrophy.Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2022 Jan;26(1):29-40. doi: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2031974. Epub 2022 Jan 27. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2022. PMID: 35076342 Free PMC article. Review.
-
G protein-dependent and G protein-independent signaling pathways and their impact on cardiac function.Circ Res. 2011 Jul 8;109(2):217-30. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.231225. Circ Res. 2011. PMID: 21737817 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The expanding GRK interactome: Implications in cardiovascular disease and potential for therapeutic development.Pharmacol Res. 2016 Aug;110:52-64. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.05.008. Epub 2016 May 12. Pharmacol Res. 2016. PMID: 27180008 Free PMC article. Review.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Molecular Biology Databases
