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. 2009 May;83(9):4704-8.
doi: 10.1128/JVI.01987-08. Epub 2009 Feb 18.

Neuraminidase stalk length and additional glycosylation of the hemagglutinin influence the virulence of influenza H5N1 viruses for mice

Yumiko Matsuoka  1 , David E Swayne, Colleen Thomas, Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti, Nadia Naffakh, Christine Warnes, Melanie Altholtz, Ruben Donis, Kanta Subbarao
Affiliations

Neuraminidase stalk length and additional glycosylation of the hemagglutinin influence the virulence of influenza H5N1 viruses for mice

Yumiko Matsuoka et al. J Virol. 2009 May.

Abstract

Following circulation of avian influenza H5 and H7 viruses in poultry, the hemagglutinin (HA) can acquire additional glycosylation sites, and the neuraminidase (NA) stalk becomes shorter. We investigated whether these features play a role in the pathogenesis of infection in mammalian hosts. From 1996 to 2007, H5N1 viruses with a short NA stalk have become widespread in several avian species. Compared to viruses with a long-stalk NA, viruses with a short-stalk NA showed a decreased capacity to elute from red blood cells and an increased virulence in mice, but not in chickens. The presence of additional HA glycosylation sites had less of an effect on virulence than did NA stalk length. The short-stalk NA of H5N1 viruses circulating in Asia may contribute to virulence in humans.

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Decreased elution from chicken erythrocytes of viruses with a short-stalk NA compared to that from chicken erythrocytes of viruses with a long-stalk NA. The 486-131/158/169 (circles) and 486-169 (triangles) viruses with a short- (open symbols) or long-stalk (closed symbols) NA were adsorbed to a 1% suspension of chicken erythrocytes at 4°C for 30 min, and the HA titer at 37°C representing virus elution from chicken erythrocytes was monitored each hour for 6 h (x axis). The HA titer following incubation at 37°C is expressed as a percentage of the HA titer at time zero at 4°C (y axis).
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