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. 2009 Jan;9(1):80-5.
doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.10.001. Epub 2008 Oct 26.

Nociceptive and inflammatory responses induced by formalin in the orofacial region of rats: effect of anti-TNFalpha strategies

Paula Juliana Seadi Pereira  1 , Fabiana Noronha Dornelles, Diógenes Santiago Santos, João Batista Calixto, Fernanda Bueno Morrone, Maria Martha Campos
Affiliations

Nociceptive and inflammatory responses induced by formalin in the orofacial region of rats: effect of anti-TNFalpha strategies

Paula Juliana Seadi Pereira et al. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009 Jan.

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of different anti-TNFalpha strategies on the nociceptive and inflammatory responses triggered by formalin in the rat orofacial region. Formalin injection (2.5%) into the right upper lip caused a nociceptive response that was biphasic, with the first phase observed between 0 and 3 min and the second phase between 12 and 30 min. Plasma extravasation induced by formalin was time-related and reached the peak at 360 min. The monoclonal antibody anti-TNFalpha (25 and 50 pg/lip) significantly inhibited the second phase of formalin-induced nociceptive behavior, while the first phase remained unaltered. The systemic treatment with the chimeric anti-TNFalpha antibody infliximab also caused a significant inhibition of the second phase. Interestingly, the local administration of infliximab (50 pg/lip) produced a significant reduction of both phases of formalin-induced nociception. In addition, the systemic pretreatment with the preferential inhibitor of TNFalpha synthesis thalidomide (25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o) promoted a marked reduction of the first and second phases of formalin-evoked nociception. The local administration of the monoclonal antibody anti-TNFalpha (25 and 50 pg/lip) or infliximab (50 pg/lip) markedly reduced the plasma extravasation induced by formalin. Otherwise, formalin-elicited plasma extravasation was not significantly affected by the systemic administration of either infliximab (1 mg/kg; s.c) or thalidomide (50 mg/kg, p.o). Present data suggest that blocking TNFalpha effects, through different pharmacological tools, could represent a good alternative to control orofacial inflammatory pain that is refractory to other drugs.

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