Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2008;4(2):297-304.
doi: 10.2147/vhrm.s993.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists and diabetes: current evidence and future perspectives

Francesco Chiarelli  1 , Daniele Di Marzio
Affiliations
Review

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists and diabetes: current evidence and future perspectives

Francesco Chiarelli et al. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008.

Abstract

Since their initial availability in 1997, the thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have become one of the most commonly prescribed classes of medications for type 2 diabetes. In addition to glucose control, the TZDs have a number of pleiotropic effects on myriad traditional and non-traditional risk factors for diabetes. TZDs may benefit cardiovascular parameters, such as lipids, blood pressure, inflammatory biomarkers, endothelial function and fibrinolytic state. In this review, we summarise the experimental, preclinical and clinical data regarding the effects of the TZDs in conditions for which they are indicated and discuss their potential in the treatment of other conditions.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Molecular mechanisms of Thiazolidinediones. In transactivations, perozisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor that acts as a transcription factor upon activation. Thiazolidinediones can active PPARγ. On ligand binding, the PPAR forms a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and they bind to specific peroxisome proliferators response elements (PPRE) on a number of key target genes involved in the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In transespression PPARs can repress gene trascription of other pathways, such as nuclear factor −kB (NF-kB).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Clinical effects of Thiazolidinediones.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Adams M, Montague CT, Prins JB, et al. Activators of PPAR-gamma have depot-specific effects on human preadipocyte diffentiation. J Clin Invest. 1997;100:3149–53. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bakris FL, Dole JF, Porter LE, et al. Rosiglitazone improves blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 2000;49:A96.
    1. Bays H, Mandarino L, DeFronzo RA. Role of the adipocyte, free fatty acids, and ectopic fat in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus: peroxisomal proliferators-activated receptor agonists provide a rational therapeutic approach. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:463–78. - PubMed
    1. Bennett SM, Agrawal A, Elasha H, et al. Rosiglitazone improves insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and ambulatory blood pressure in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabet Med. 2004;21:415–22. - PubMed
    1. Bhatia V, Viswanathan P. Insulin resistance and PPAR insulin sensitizers. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2006;7:891–7. - PubMed

MeSH terms