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. 2007 Apr 15;121(3-4):225-30.
doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.12.001. Epub 2006 Dec 17.

Serological and molecular evidence that canine respiratory coronavirus is circulating in Italy

Nicola Decaro  1 , Costantina Desario, Gabriella Elia, Viviana Mari, Maria Stella Lucente, Paolo Cordioli, Maria Loredana Colaianni, Vito Martella, Canio Buonavoglia
Affiliations

Serological and molecular evidence that canine respiratory coronavirus is circulating in Italy

Nicola Decaro et al. Vet Microbiol. .

Abstract

Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) is a group II coronavirus that was firstly identified in lung samples of dogs with canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) in UK in 2003. We report for the first time the identification of CRCoV in Italy, together with serological evidence that the virus has been circulating in the Italian dog population as from 2005. Serological investigations on 216 dog sera, carried out by an ELISA test using the strictly related bovine coronavirus (BCoV) as antigen, revealed an overall CRCoV seroprevalence of 32.06% in the last 2 years. RT-PCR targeting the S-gene of CRCoV was carried out on 109 lung samples collected from carcasses of dogs submitted for diagnostic investigations. Positive results were obtained from the lungs of a dog of the Apulia region that was co-infected with canine parvovirus type 2. Sequence analysis of the S-gene fragment amplified by RT-PCR (595bp) showed similarity to group II coronaviruses, with the highest nucleotide identity (98%) to the only CRCoV strain currently available in the GenBank database (strain T101). The results of the present study show that CRCoV is present also in continental Europe, although further studies are required to determine the real pathogenic potential of the virus.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Neighbor-joining tree based on partial S nucleotide sequences of coronaviruses. Accession numbers of the strains used for phylogeny are reported in Table 1. CCoV type II strain CB/05 (Buonavoglia et al., 2006) was used as outgroup. Bootstrap values were calculated and are indicated at each node. The scale bar represents 10 substitutions per 100 sequence positions.
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