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Review
. 2006 Jul;112(3):139-49.
doi: 10.1080/13813450600935263.

Mechanisms underlying regulation of the expression and activities of the mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases

Mary C Sugden  1 , Mark J Holness
Affiliations
Review

Mechanisms underlying regulation of the expression and activities of the mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases

Mary C Sugden et al. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2006 Jul.

Abstract

The mechanisms that control mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) activity include its phosphorylation (inactivation) by a family of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs 1 - 4). Here we review new developments in the regulation of the activities and expression of the PDKs, in particular PDK2 and PDK4, in relation to glucose and lipid homeostasis. This review describes recent advances relating to the acute and long-term modes of regulation of the PDKs, with particular emphasis on the regulatory roles of nuclear receptors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and Liver X receptor (LXR), PPAR gamma coactivator alpha (PGC-1alpha) and insulin, and the impact of changes in PDK activity and expression in glucose and lipid homeostasis. Since PDK4 may assist in lipid clearance when there is an imbalance between lipid delivery and oxidation, it may represent an attractive target for interventions aimed at rectifying abnormal lipid as well as glucose homeostasis in disease states.

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