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. 2006 May 19;125(4):749-60.
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.037.

Perception of the bacterial PAMP EF-Tu by the receptor EFR restricts Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

Cyril Zipfel  1 , Gernot Kunze, Delphine Chinchilla, Anne Caniard, Jonathan D G Jones, Thomas Boller, Georg Felix
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Perception of the bacterial PAMP EF-Tu by the receptor EFR restricts Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

Cyril Zipfel et al. Cell. .
Free article

Abstract

Higher eukaryotes sense microbes through the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Arabidopsis plants detect a variety of PAMPs including conserved domains of bacterial flagellin and of bacterial EF-Tu. Here, we show that flagellin and EF-Tu activate a common set of signaling events and defense responses but without clear synergistic effects. Treatment with either PAMP results in increased binding sites for both PAMPs. We used this finding in a targeted reverse-genetic approach to identify a receptor kinase essential for EF-Tu perception, which we called EFR. Nicotiana benthamiana, a plant unable to perceive EF-Tu, acquires EF-Tu binding sites and responsiveness upon transient expression of EFR. Arabidopsis efr mutants show enhanced susceptibility to the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens, as revealed by a higher efficiency of T-DNA transformation. These results demonstrate that EFR is the EF-Tu receptor and that plant defense responses induced by PAMPs such as EF-Tu reduce transformation by Agrobacterium.

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