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. 2006 Mar 31;281(13):8788-95.
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M508135200. Epub 2006 Jan 30.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 signaling to mitochondria in necrotic cell death requires RIP1/TRAF2-mediated JNK1 activation

Yue Xu  1 , Shuang Huang, Zheng-Gang Liu, Jiahuai Han
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Free article

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 signaling to mitochondria in necrotic cell death requires RIP1/TRAF2-mediated JNK1 activation

Yue Xu et al. J Biol Chem. .
Free article

Abstract

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) hyperactivation-induced necrosis has been implicated in several pathophysiological conditions. Although mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-inducing factor translocation from the mitochondria to the nucleus have been suggested to play very important roles in PARP-1-mediated cell death, the signaling events downstream of PARP-1 activation in initiating mitochondria dysfunction are not clear. Here we used the DNA alkylating agent N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, a potent PARP-1 activator, to study PARP-1 activation-mediated cell death. We found, based on genetic knockouts and pharmacological inhibition, that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), especially JNK1, but not the other groups of mitogen-activated protein kinase, is required for PARP-1-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis-inducing factor translocation, and subsequent cell death. We reveal that receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), are upstream of JNK in PARP-1 hyperactivated cells, because PARP-1-induced JNK activation was attenuated in RIP1-/- and TRAF2-/- mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Consistently, knockouts of RIP1 and TRAF2 caused a resistance to PARP-1-induced cell death. Therefore, our study uncovers that RIP1, TRAF2, and JNK comprise a pathway to mediate the signaling from PARP-1 overactivation to mitochondrial dysfunction.

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