Identification of a new human coronavirus
- PMID: 15034574
- PMCID: PMC7095789
- DOI: 10.1038/nm1024
Identification of a new human coronavirus
Abstract
Three human coronaviruses are known to exist: human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), HCoV-OC43 and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Here we report the identification of a fourth human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, using a new method of virus discovery. The virus was isolated from a 7-month-old child suffering from bronchiolitis and conjunctivitis. The complete genome sequence indicates that this virus is not a recombinant, but rather a new group 1 coronavirus. The in vitro host cell range of HCoV-NL63 is notable because it replicates on tertiary monkey kidney cells and the monkey kidney LLC-MK2 cell line. The viral genome contains distinctive features, including a unique N-terminal fragment within the spike protein. Screening of clinical specimens from individuals suffering from respiratory illness identified seven additional HCoV-NL63-infected individuals, indicating that the virus was widely spread within the human population.
Conflict of interest statement
L.v.d.H. is listed as the inventor on a European and a US patent application, held by Primagen Holding b.v., entitled “Coronavirus nucleic acid, protein, and methods for the generation of vaccine, medicaments and diagnostics.”
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