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Review
. 2001 Jul;108(1):15-23.
doi: 10.1172/JCI13416.

Mixed messages: modulation of inflammation and immune responses by prostaglandins and thromboxanes

S L Tilley  1 , T M Coffman, B H Koller
Affiliations
Review

Mixed messages: modulation of inflammation and immune responses by prostaglandins and thromboxanes

S L Tilley et al. J Clin Invest. 2001 Jul.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Potential pro- and anti-inflammatory actions of prostanoids in asthma. (a) Proinflammatory actions of TXA2 and PGE2. Solid red receptors indicate pathways that enhance airway inflammation. TXA2 activates leukocytes and increases airway obstruction by inducing airway smooth muscle contraction and goblet cell mucus secretion. PGE2 promotes vasodilation by activating cAMP-coupled EP2 receptors on vascular smooth muscle and increases vascular permeability indirectly by enhancing the release of histamine and other mediators from tissue leukocytes such as mast cells. Receptors for which there is insufficient information to define a proinflammatory role are depicted in gray. (b) Anti-inflammatory actions of PGE2. Solid blue receptors indicate pathways that reduce airway inflammation. As inflammation progresses, PGE2 synthesis by macrophages is enhanced due to increased expression of COX-2 and PGE-synthase. PGE2 inhibits leukocyte activation and promotes bronchodilation through activation of Gs-coupled EP2 and EP4 receptors. Increased expression of EP2 receptors is likely to further enhance these anti-inflammatory actions of PGE2. Receptors for which there is insufficient information to define an anti-inflammatory role are depicted in gray. H1, histamine receptor; TP, TXA2 receptor; EP, PGE2 receptor.
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